Reliability and Accuracy of a Time-Efficient Method for the Assessment of Achilles Tendon Mechanical Properties by Ultrasonography

Journal article


Hunter, S., Werth, J., Werth, J., Lambrianides, Y., Smith, K., Karamanidis, K. and Epro, G. (2022). Reliability and Accuracy of a Time-Efficient Method for the Assessment of Achilles Tendon Mechanical Properties by Ultrasonography. Sensors. 22 (7), p. e2549. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22072549
AuthorsHunter, S., Werth, J., Werth, J., Lambrianides, Y., Smith, K., Karamanidis, K. and Epro, G.
AbstractThe assessment of the force−length relationship under mechanical loading is widely used to evaluate the mechanical properties of tendons and to gain information about their adaptation, function, and injury. This study aimed to provide a time-efficient ultrasound method for assessing Achilles tendon mechanical properties. On two days, eleven healthy young non-active adults performed eight maximal voluntary isometric ankle plantarflexion contractions on a dynamometer with simultaneous ultrasonographic recording. Maximal tendon elongation was assessed by digitizing ultrasound images at rest and at maximal tendon force. Achilles tendon stiffness index was calculated from the ratio of tendon force-to-strain. No within- and between-day differences were detected between the proposed method and manual frame by frame tracking in Achilles tendon maximal force, maximal elongation, maximal strain, and stiffness index. The overall coefficient of variation between trials ranged from 3.4% to 10.3% and average difference in tendon tracking between methods was less than 0.6% strain. Furthermore, an additional assessment demonstrated significant differences between elite athletes, healthy young, and older adults in Achilles tendon force and stiffness index. Hence, the analysis has the potential to reliably and accurately monitor changes in Achilles tendon mechanical properties due to aging and altered mechanical loading in a time-efficient manner.
Keywordstendon elongation; tendon strain; tendon stiffness; muscle strength
Year2022
JournalSensors
Journal citation22 (7), p. e2549
PublisherMDPI
ISSN1424-8220
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3390/s22072549
Publication dates
Online26 Mar 2022
Publication process dates
Accepted24 Mar 2022
Deposited30 Mar 2022
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Open
Licensehttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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Parameters that remain consistent independent of pausing before gait-initiation during normal rise-to-walk behaviour delineated by sit-to-walk and sit-to-stand-and-walk.
Jones, GD, James, DC, Thacker, M and Green, DA (2018). Parameters that remain consistent independent of pausing before gait-initiation during normal rise-to-walk behaviour delineated by sit-to-walk and sit-to-stand-and-walk. PLoS ONE. 13 (10). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205346
Positive Work Contribution Shifts from Distal to Proximal Joints during a Prolonged Run
Sanno, M, Willwacher, S, Epro, G and Brüggemann, G-P (2018). Positive Work Contribution Shifts from Distal to Proximal Joints during a Prolonged Run. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 50 (12), pp. 2507-2517. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001707
Retention of improvement in gait stability over 14 weeks due to trip-perturbation training is dependent on perturbation dose
König, M, Epro, G, Seeley, J, Catalá-Lehnen, P, Potthast, W and Karamanidis, K (2018). Retention of improvement in gait stability over 14 weeks due to trip-perturbation training is dependent on perturbation dose. Journal of Biomechanics. 84, pp. 243-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.12.011
Retention, savings and interlimb transfer of reactive gait adaptations in humans following unexpected perturbations
McCrum, C, Karamanidis, K, Willems, P, Zijlstra, W and Meijer, K (2018). Retention, savings and interlimb transfer of reactive gait adaptations in humans following unexpected perturbations. Communications biology. 1 (1), p. 230. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-018-0238-9
Deficient recovery response and adaptive feedback potential in dynamic gait stability in unilateral peripheral vestibular disorder patients.
McCrum, C, Eysel-Gosepath, K, Epro, G, Meijer, K, Savelberg, HHCM, Brüggemann, G-P and Karamanidis, K (2014). Deficient recovery response and adaptive feedback potential in dynamic gait stability in unilateral peripheral vestibular disorder patients. Physiological Reports. 2 (12), pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.12222
Effect of long-term exercise-induced changes of the triceps surae muscle-tendon unit properties on maximal walking velocity in the elderly
Epro, G, Mierau, A, Brüggemann, G-P and Karamanidis, K (2017). Effect of long-term exercise-induced changes of the triceps surae muscle-tendon unit properties on maximal walking velocity in the elderly. 10. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Biomechanik (DGfB). Hannover, Germany 29 - 31 Mar 2017
A systematic review of gait perturbation paradigms for improving reactive stepping responses and falls risk among healthy older adults.
McCrum, C, Gerards, MHG, Karamanidis, K, Zijlstra, W and Meijer, K (2017). A systematic review of gait perturbation paradigms for improving reactive stepping responses and falls risk among healthy older adults. European Review of Aging and Physical Activity. 14, p. 3. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11556-017-0173-7
The Achilles tendon is mechanosensitive in older adults: adaptations following 14 weeks versus 1.5 years of cyclic strain exercise.
Epro, G, Mierau, A, Doerner, J, Luetkens, J, Scheef, L, Kukuk, G, Boecker, H, Maganaris, C, Brüggemann, G-P and Karamanidis, K (2017). The Achilles tendon is mechanosensitive in older adults: adaptations following 14 weeks versus 1.5 years of cyclic strain exercise. Journal of Experimental Biology. 220 (Pt 6), pp. 1008-1018. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.146407
Muscle and tendon adaptation in young and older adult athletes: A combined longitudinal and cross sectional investigation
Koenig, M, Epro, G, McCrum, C, Ackermans, TMA, Schade, F and Karamanidis, K (2017). Muscle and tendon adaptation in young and older adult athletes: A combined longitudinal and cross sectional investigation. 10. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Biomechanik. Hannover 29 - 31 Mar 2017
Simplified triceps surae muscle volume assessment in the elderly
Epro, G, Koenig, M, Mersmann, F, Arampatzis, A and Karamanidis, K (2017). Simplified triceps surae muscle volume assessment in the elderly. 10. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Biomechanik (DGfB). Hannover, Germany 29 - 31 Mar 2017
Associations Between Bipedal Stance Stability and Locomotor Stability Following a Trip in Unilateral Vestibulopathy
McCrum, C, Eysel-Gosepath, K, Epro, G, Meijer, K, Savelberg, HHCM, Brüggemann, G-P and Karamanidis, K (2017). Associations Between Bipedal Stance Stability and Locomotor Stability Following a Trip in Unilateral Vestibulopathy. Journal of applied biomechanics. 33 (2), pp. 112-117. https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.2016-0004
Age-related differences in drop-jump performance are eliminated by matching triceps surae muscle strength and Achilles tendon stiffness.
Koenig, M, Hemmers, S, McCrum, C, Epro, G, Ackermans, TMA, Hartmann, U and Karamanidis, K (2017). Age-related differences in drop-jump performance are eliminated by matching triceps surae muscle strength and Achilles tendon stiffness. 2017 BASES Biomechanics Interest Group (BIG) Meeting, Portsmouth. Portsmouth 19 - 19 Apr 2017
The effect of habitual athletics training on muscle and tendon adaptation in young and older elite athletes.
Koenig, M, Epro, G, McCrum, C, Bädorf, M, Schade, F and Karamanidis, K (2017). The effect of habitual athletics training on muscle and tendon adaptation in young and older elite athletes. 2017 BASES Biomechanics Interest Group (BIG) Meeting, Portsmouth. Portsmouth 19 - 19 Apr 2017
Effect Of Triceps Surae Muscle-Tendon Unit Mechanical Properties On Gait Stability And Adaptability In Older Female Adults
Epro, G, McCrum, C, Mierau, A, Leyendecker, M, Brüggemann, G-P and Karamanidis, K (2017). Effect Of Triceps Surae Muscle-Tendon Unit Mechanical Properties On Gait Stability And Adaptability In Older Female Adults. BASES Biomechanics Interest Group (BIG) Meeting 2017. Portsmouth, UK 19 - 19 Apr 2017
Achilles tendon is mechanosensitive in old adults: a 1.5 year resistance training intervention
Epro, G, Mierau, A, Doerner, J, Luetkens, J, Scheef, L, Kukuk, G, Boecker, H, Maganaris, C and Karamanidis, K (2017). Achilles tendon is mechanosensitive in old adults: a 1.5 year resistance training intervention. BASES Biomechanics Interest Group (BIG) Meeting 2017. Portsmouth, UK 19 - 19 May 2017
Matching triceps surae muscle strength and tendon stiffness eliminates age-related differences in drop-jump performance
Koenig, M, Hemmers, S, McCrum, C, Epro, G, Ackermans, TMA, Hartmann, U and Karamanidis, K (2017). Matching triceps surae muscle strength and tendon stiffness eliminates age-related differences in drop-jump performance. 35th International Conference on Biomechanics in Sports. Cologne 14 - 18 Jun 2017
Muscle-tendon adaptation monitoring in elite athletes: Preliminary results from a longitudinal investigation
Epro, G, Koenig, M, McCrum, C, Baedorf, M, Schade, F and Karamanidis, K (2017). Muscle-tendon adaptation monitoring in elite athletes: Preliminary results from a longitudinal investigation. 35th Conference of the International Society of Biomechanics in Sport. Cologne, Germany 14 - 18 Jun 2017
Loading rate and contraction type effects on the human Achilles tendon force-elongation relationship
McCrum, C, Oberländer, KD, Epro, G, Krauss, P, Reeves, N and Karamanidis, K (2017). Loading rate and contraction type effects on the human Achilles tendon force-elongation relationship. 22nd Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science. Essen, Germany 05 - 08 Jul 2017
Monitoring muscle-tendon adaptation in elite athletes: Preliminary data from a 1-year longitudinal investigation
Koenig, M, Epro, G, McCrum, C, Bädorf, M, Schade, F and Karamanidis, K (2017). Monitoring muscle-tendon adaptation in elite athletes: Preliminary data from a 1-year longitudinal investigation. 22nd annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science (ECSS). Essen 05 - 08 Jul 2017
Achilles tendon mechanosensitivity is preserved in old age: In vivo evidence from a 1.5 years long resistance training intervention
Epro, G, Mierau, A, Doerner, J, Luetkens, J, Scheef, L, Kukuk, G, Boecker, H, Maganaris, C, Brüggemann, G-P and Karamanidis, K (2017). Achilles tendon mechanosensitivity is preserved in old age: In vivo evidence from a 1.5 years long resistance training intervention. 22nd annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science. Essen, Germany 05 - 08 Jul 2017
Loading rate and contraction duration effects on in vivo human Achilles tendon mechanical properties.
McCrum, C, Oberländer, KD, Epro, G, Krauss, P, James, DC, Reeves, N and Karamanidis, K (2017). Loading rate and contraction duration effects on in vivo human Achilles tendon mechanical properties. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. 38 (3), pp. 517-523. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpf.12472
Locomotor stability and adaptation during perturbed walking across the adult female lifespan.
McCrum, C, Epro, G, Meijer, K, Zijlstra, W, Brüggemann, G-P and Karamanidis, K (2016). Locomotor stability and adaptation during perturbed walking across the adult female lifespan. Journal of Biomechanics. 49 (7), pp. 1244-1247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.02.051
Use of a Lucas-Kanade-Based Template Tracking Algorithm to Examine In Vivo Tendon Excursion during Voluntary Contraction Using Ultrasonography.
Karamanidis, K, Travlou, A, Krauss, P and Jaekel, U (2016). Use of a Lucas-Kanade-Based Template Tracking Algorithm to Examine In Vivo Tendon Excursion during Voluntary Contraction Using Ultrasonography. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology. 42 (7), pp. 1689-1700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.02.019
Visual and proprioceptive contributions to postural control of upright stance in unilateral vestibulopathy.
Eysel-Gosepath, K, McCrum, C, Epro, G, Brüggemann, G-P and Karamanidis, K (2016). Visual and proprioceptive contributions to postural control of upright stance in unilateral vestibulopathy. Somatosensory and Motor Research. 33 (2), pp. 72-78. https://doi.org/10.1080/08990220.2016.1178635
Sit-to-walk and sit-to-stand-and-walk task dynamics are maintained during rising at an elevated seat-height independent of lead-limb in healthy individuals
Jones, GD, James, DC, Thacker, M, Jones, EJ and Green, DA (2016). Sit-to-walk and sit-to-stand-and-walk task dynamics are maintained during rising at an elevated seat-height independent of lead-limb in healthy individuals. Gait and Posture. 48 (July), pp. 226 - 229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.06.005
Sit-to-stand-and-walk from 120% knee height: A novel approach to assess dynamic postural control independent of lead-limb
Jones, GD, James, DC, Thacker, M and Green, DA (2016). Sit-to-stand-and-walk from 120% knee height: A novel approach to assess dynamic postural control independent of lead-limb. Journal of Visualized Experiments. 2016 (114). https://doi.org/10.3791/54323
Matching participants for triceps surae mechanical properties eliminates age-related differences in drop jump performance
Koenig, M, Hemmers, S, McCrum, C, Epro, G, Ackermans, TMA, Hartmann, U and Karamanidis, K (2016). Matching participants for triceps surae mechanical properties eliminates age-related differences in drop jump performance. 11th Joint Conference on Motor Control & Learning, Biomechanics & Training of the German Society of Sports Sciences. Darmstadt, Germany 28 - 30 Sep 2016
Aging and the effects of a half marathon on Achilles tendon force-elongation relationship.
Ackermans, TMA, Epro, G, McCrum, C, Oberländer, KD, Suhr, F, Drost, MR, Meijer, K and Karamanidis, K (2016). Aging and the effects of a half marathon on Achilles tendon force-elongation relationship. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 116 (11-12), pp. 2281-2292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-016-3482-z
Age-related differences in drop jump performance are eliminated when triceps surae mechanical properties are matched
Koenig, M, Hemmers, S, McCrum, C, Epro, G, Ackermans, TMA, Hartmann, U and Karamanidis, K (2016). Age-related differences in drop jump performance are eliminated when triceps surae mechanical properties are matched. Dutch Society for Movement Sciences (VvBN) PhD Day 2016. Maastricht 09 - 09 Nov 2016
The biomechanical characteristics of wearing FitFlop™ sandals highlight significant alterations in gait pattern: a comparative study.
James, DC, Farmer, LJ, Sayers, JB, Cook, DP and Mileva, K. (2015). The biomechanical characteristics of wearing FitFlop™ sandals highlight significant alterations in gait pattern: a comparative study. Clinical Biomechanics. 30 (4), pp. 347-354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2015.02.016
47 An acute session of high-frequency, low-intensity, wide-pulse electrical stimulation evokes fatigue adaptations in an intrinsic foot muscle
James, DC, Mileva, K. and Solan, MC (2015). 47 An acute session of high-frequency, low-intensity, wide-pulse electrical stimulation evokes fatigue adaptations in an intrinsic foot muscle. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 49 (Suppl). https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095573.47
Low-frequency accelerations over-estimate impact-related shock during walking.
James, DC, Mileva, K. and Cook, DP (2014). Low-frequency accelerations over-estimate impact-related shock during walking. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 24 (2), pp. 264-270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2013.12.008
Effect of exercise-induced enhancement of the leg-extensor muscle-tendon unit capacities on ambulatory mechanics and knee osteoarthritis markers in the elderly.
Karamanidis, K, Oberländer, KD, Niehoff, A, Epro, G and Brüggemann, G-P (2014). Effect of exercise-induced enhancement of the leg-extensor muscle-tendon unit capacities on ambulatory mechanics and knee osteoarthritis markers in the elderly. PLoS ONE. 9 (6). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0099330
Effect of Hypohydration on Peripheral and Corticospinal Excitability and Voluntary Activation
Bowtell, JL, Avenell, G, Hunter, SP and Mileva, K. (2013). Effect of Hypohydration on Peripheral and Corticospinal Excitability and Voluntary Activation. PLoS ONE. 8 (10), p. e77004. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0077004
Wide-pulse electrical stimulation to an intrinsic foot muscle induces acute functional changes in forefoot-rearfoot coupling behaviour during walking.
James, DC, Chesters, T, Sumners, DP, Cook, DP, Green, DA and Mileva, K. (2012). Wide-pulse electrical stimulation to an intrinsic foot muscle induces acute functional changes in forefoot-rearfoot coupling behaviour during walking. International Journal of Sports Medicine. 34 (5), pp. 438-443. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1321893
Coefficient of cross correlation analysis of kinematics during walking barefoot and in Vibram FiveFingers®
James, DC and Cook, D (2011). Coefficient of cross correlation analysis of kinematics during walking barefoot and in Vibram FiveFingers®. Footwear Science. 3 (SUP 1), pp. S79-S81. https://doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2011.575401