Simplified triceps surae muscle volume assessment in the elderly

Conference paper


Epro, G, Koenig, M, Mersmann, F, Arampatzis, A and Karamanidis, K (2017). Simplified triceps surae muscle volume assessment in the elderly. 10. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Biomechanik (DGfB). Hannover, Germany 29 - 31 Mar 2017
AuthorsEpro, G, Koenig, M, Mersmann, F, Arampatzis, A and Karamanidis, K
TypeConference paper
Abstract

Introduction Muscle volume is an important determinant of the muscle’s mechanical power, which is a crucial predictor of functional performance in the elderly population. Based on previous reports from Albracht et al. (2008, J Biomech, 41: 2211–2218) and Mersmann et al. (2014, J Biomech, 47: 1348–1352), it is possible to assess the individual muscle volume within the triceps surae (TS) muscle group in younger adults by only using the maximal anatomical cross-sectional area (ACSAmax), the length of the muscle and a muscle-specific shape factor. The purpose of the present study was to investigate if the previously proposed simplified muscle volume assessment for the TS muscle group is also applicable in the elderly and if muscle-specific shape factors may change with ageing. Methods The TS morphological properties of twenty-three older (66 ± 7 years) female adults were determined by using magnetic resonance imaging. The boundaries of all three TS muscles (SOL, soleus; GM, gastrocnemius medialis; GL, gastrocnemius lateralis) were manually outlined in transversal and sagittal image sequences and the resulting muscle contours were used to calculate the volume for each investigated muscle, as the integral of the obtained cross-sectional areas of the contours along the whole length of the muscle. The shape factor for each individual muscle was obtained by dividing the measured muscle volume by the product of ACSAmax and the muscle length, as proposed in Albracht et al. (2008). Paired t-tests were used to investigate possible differences between the measured and both estimated muscle volumes (using newly calculated shape factors from older adults and the reported factors from young adults in Mersmann et al. 2014). The accuracy and conformity between the measured and both estimated muscle volumes were further investigated by using the root mean squares (RMS) differences and the coefficients of determination (R2). Results The average measured muscle volume of the older female adults was 361.7 ± 64.6 cm3, 178.7 ± 31.5 cm3 and 91.0 ± 15.5 cm3 for SOL, GM and GL respectively, which were not significantly different from the estimated muscle volumes (SOL: 364.0 ± 72.1 cm3; GM: 179.7 ± 34.1 cm3; GL: 91.1± 13.5 cm3). The relative RMS difference between the measured and estimated muscle volumes using the newly calculated shape factors was 6.1%, 8.4% and 9.8% and the R2 was 0.91, 0.80 and 0.65 for the SOL, GM and GL respectively. However, when using the reported muscle shape factors from the young adults, there was a significant (p<0.05) overestimation of the muscle volume for all the compartments of the TS (RMS values of 12-14%). Discussion The current findings suggest that the previously proposed simplified method for assessing muscle volume by using the maximal cross-sectional area, muscle length and a muscle-specific shape factor in the TS muscle group is applicable for scientific or clinical use in the older population. However, the results also indicate that using the muscle-specific shape factor from younger adults significantly overestimates the muscle volume in the TS muscles in the elderly. This indicates that ageing may not only be accompanied with muscle atrophy, but also changes in the shape of skeletal muscle.

Year2017
Web address (URL)http://www.biomechanik-kongress.de/en/
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Deposited06 Jun 2017
Accepted29 Mar 2017
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Epro, G, Mierau, A, Doerner, J, Luetkens, J, Scheef, L, Kukuk, G, Boecker, H, Maganaris, C and Karamanidis, K (2017). Achilles tendon is mechanosensitive in old adults: a 1.5 year resistance training intervention. BASES Biomechanics Interest Group (BIG) Meeting 2017. Portsmouth, UK 19 - 19 May 2017
Matching triceps surae muscle strength and tendon stiffness eliminates age-related differences in drop-jump performance
Koenig, M, Hemmers, S, McCrum, C, Epro, G, Ackermans, TMA, Hartmann, U and Karamanidis, K (2017). Matching triceps surae muscle strength and tendon stiffness eliminates age-related differences in drop-jump performance. 35th International Conference on Biomechanics in Sports. Cologne 14 - 18 Jun 2017
Muscle-tendon adaptation monitoring in elite athletes: Preliminary results from a longitudinal investigation
Epro, G, Koenig, M, McCrum, C, Baedorf, M, Schade, F and Karamanidis, K (2017). Muscle-tendon adaptation monitoring in elite athletes: Preliminary results from a longitudinal investigation. 35th Conference of the International Society of Biomechanics in Sport. Cologne, Germany 14 - 18 Jun 2017
Loading rate and contraction type effects on the human Achilles tendon force-elongation relationship
McCrum, C, Oberländer, KD, Epro, G, Krauss, P, Reeves, N and Karamanidis, K (2017). Loading rate and contraction type effects on the human Achilles tendon force-elongation relationship. 22nd Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science. Essen, Germany 05 - 08 Jul 2017
Monitoring muscle-tendon adaptation in elite athletes: Preliminary data from a 1-year longitudinal investigation
Koenig, M, Epro, G, McCrum, C, Bädorf, M, Schade, F and Karamanidis, K (2017). Monitoring muscle-tendon adaptation in elite athletes: Preliminary data from a 1-year longitudinal investigation. 22nd annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science (ECSS). Essen 05 - 08 Jul 2017
Achilles tendon mechanosensitivity is preserved in old age: In vivo evidence from a 1.5 years long resistance training intervention
Epro, G, Mierau, A, Doerner, J, Luetkens, J, Scheef, L, Kukuk, G, Boecker, H, Maganaris, C, Brüggemann, G-P and Karamanidis, K (2017). Achilles tendon mechanosensitivity is preserved in old age: In vivo evidence from a 1.5 years long resistance training intervention. 22nd annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science. Essen, Germany 05 - 08 Jul 2017
Loading rate and contraction duration effects on in vivo human Achilles tendon mechanical properties.
McCrum, C, Oberländer, KD, Epro, G, Krauss, P, James, DC, Reeves, N and Karamanidis, K (2017). Loading rate and contraction duration effects on in vivo human Achilles tendon mechanical properties. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. 38 (3), pp. 517-523. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpf.12472
Locomotor stability and adaptation during perturbed walking across the adult female lifespan.
McCrum, C, Epro, G, Meijer, K, Zijlstra, W, Brüggemann, G-P and Karamanidis, K (2016). Locomotor stability and adaptation during perturbed walking across the adult female lifespan. Journal of Biomechanics. 49 (7), pp. 1244-1247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.02.051
Use of a Lucas-Kanade-Based Template Tracking Algorithm to Examine In Vivo Tendon Excursion during Voluntary Contraction Using Ultrasonography.
Karamanidis, K, Travlou, A, Krauss, P and Jaekel, U (2016). Use of a Lucas-Kanade-Based Template Tracking Algorithm to Examine In Vivo Tendon Excursion during Voluntary Contraction Using Ultrasonography. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology. 42 (7), pp. 1689-1700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.02.019
Visual and proprioceptive contributions to postural control of upright stance in unilateral vestibulopathy.
Eysel-Gosepath, K, McCrum, C, Epro, G, Brüggemann, G-P and Karamanidis, K (2016). Visual and proprioceptive contributions to postural control of upright stance in unilateral vestibulopathy. Somatosensory and Motor Research. 33 (2), pp. 72-78. https://doi.org/10.1080/08990220.2016.1178635
Matching participants for triceps surae mechanical properties eliminates age-related differences in drop jump performance
Koenig, M, Hemmers, S, McCrum, C, Epro, G, Ackermans, TMA, Hartmann, U and Karamanidis, K (2016). Matching participants for triceps surae mechanical properties eliminates age-related differences in drop jump performance. 11th Joint Conference on Motor Control & Learning, Biomechanics & Training of the German Society of Sports Sciences. Darmstadt, Germany 28 - 30 Sep 2016
Aging and the effects of a half marathon on Achilles tendon force-elongation relationship.
Ackermans, TMA, Epro, G, McCrum, C, Oberländer, KD, Suhr, F, Drost, MR, Meijer, K and Karamanidis, K (2016). Aging and the effects of a half marathon on Achilles tendon force-elongation relationship. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 116 (11-12), pp. 2281-2292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-016-3482-z
Age-related differences in drop jump performance are eliminated when triceps surae mechanical properties are matched
Koenig, M, Hemmers, S, McCrum, C, Epro, G, Ackermans, TMA, Hartmann, U and Karamanidis, K (2016). Age-related differences in drop jump performance are eliminated when triceps surae mechanical properties are matched. Dutch Society for Movement Sciences (VvBN) PhD Day 2016. Maastricht 09 - 09 Nov 2016
Effect of exercise-induced enhancement of the leg-extensor muscle-tendon unit capacities on ambulatory mechanics and knee osteoarthritis markers in the elderly.
Karamanidis, K, Oberländer, KD, Niehoff, A, Epro, G and Brüggemann, G-P (2014). Effect of exercise-induced enhancement of the leg-extensor muscle-tendon unit capacities on ambulatory mechanics and knee osteoarthritis markers in the elderly. PLoS ONE. 9 (6). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0099330