Refrigerant emissions and leakage prevention across Europe - Results from the RealSkillsEurope project

Journal article


Koronaki, IP, Cowan, D, Maidment, GG, Beerrnan, K, Schreurs, M, Kaar, K, Chaer, I, Gontarz, G, Christodoulaki, RI and Cazauran, X (2012). Refrigerant emissions and leakage prevention across Europe - Results from the RealSkillsEurope project. Energy. 45 (1), pp. 71 - 80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.05.040
AuthorsKoronaki, IP, Cowan, D, Maidment, GG, Beerrnan, K, Schreurs, M, Kaar, K, Chaer, I, Gontarz, G, Christodoulaki, RI and Cazauran, X
Abstract

Recognising the impact of refrigerant emissions on the environment and their strong relation to climate
change, the scope of the RealSkillsEurope project is to provide the EU member states with valuable tools
not only to safely handle, but more importantly, to prevent harmful refrigerant leakages. As such, the
project is dedicated to improve the skills of refrigeration and air conditioning engineers and technicians,
by offering a comprehensive set of training material, combining both practical experiences and theoretical
knowledge of all project partners. The project has also attempted to determine the amount of
refrigerant leakages and their management methods indicated by the national and European laws, across
the partner countries. RealSkillsEurope partners are supported by a group of stakeholders (corporations,
institutions, organizations, etc.), which provide best practice cases on refrigerant management, review
the training materials and contribute to the Best Practice ideas and methods. This paper presents an
overview of the refrigerant emissions across European countries and analyses some case studies on
refrigerant management.
(c)� 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Year2012
JournalEnergy
Journal citation45 (1), pp. 71 - 80
PublisherElsevier
ISSN0360-5442
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.05.040
Funder/ClientEuropean Commission
Publication dates
Print11 Jul 2012
Publication process dates
Deposited20 Dec 2016
Accepted25 May 2012
Accepted author manuscript
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Chilvers, S, Chaer, I and Ford, A (2015). Environmental impact and energy management of sports stadia. CIB Joint International Symposium: Going North for Sustainability. LSBU, London 23 - 25 Nov 2015 London South Bank University.
Chapter 3 - Fluid Dynamics
Chaer, I, Doetsch, C, Kitanovski, A, Hansen, T, Frei, B, Vuarnoz., D and Reghem, P (2005). Chapter 3 - Fluid Dynamics. in: Kauffeld, M, Kawaji, M and Egolf, PW (ed.) Handbook on Ice Slurries - Fundamentals and Engineering Paris International Institute of Refrigeration. pp. 55-81
Heat Recovery Potential from Urban Underground Infrastructures
Davies, G, Boot-Handford, N, Grice, J, Dennis, W, Ajileye, A, Revesz, A and Maidment, GG (2018). Heat Recovery Potential from Urban Underground Infrastructures. ASHRAE Winter Conference. Chicago 20 - 24 Jan 2018 London South Bank University.
Performance Enhancement of Urban Ground Source Heat Pumps through Interactions with Underground Railway Tunnels
Revesz, A, Chaer, I, Thompson, J, Mavroulidou, M, Gunn, M and Maidment, GG (2018). Performance Enhancement of Urban Ground Source Heat Pumps through Interactions with Underground Railway Tunnels. Ashrae Winter Conference. Chicago 22 - 24 Jan 2018 London South Bank University.
Viability of Airborne Wind Energy in the United Kingdom
Chaer, I, Ye, Z, Lawner, H and Ross, M (2018). Viability of Airborne Wind Energy in the United Kingdom. 11th International Conference on Thermal Engineering: Theory and Applications. Doha, Qatar 25 - 28 Feb 2018
Smart Cities – Thermal Networks
Chaer, I, Pope, I and Paurine, A (2018). Smart Cities – Thermal Networks. Eleven International Conference on Thermal Engineering: Theory and Applications. Doha, Qatar 25 - 28 Feb 2018
Benchmarking of supermarket energy consumption
Foster, A, Evans, J and Maidment, GG (2018). Benchmarking of supermarket energy consumption. 5th International Institute of Refrigeration Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Beijing, China, 06 - 08 Apr 2018 IIR. https://doi.org/10.18462/iir.iccc.2018.0006
Control strategy of a novel dry air ground source (DAGS) system
Yebiyo, M, Paurine, A and Maidment, GG (2018). Control strategy of a novel dry air ground source (DAGS) system. CIBSE Technical Symposium 2018, Stretching the Envelop. London 12 - 13 Apr 2018 CIBSE.
The Challenge of Modelling Solar Shading Products and their Impact on the Built Environment
Venturi, L, Andrews, D, De Grussa, Z and Chaer, I (2018). The Challenge of Modelling Solar Shading Products and their Impact on the Built Environment. CIBSE Technical Symposium. London South Bank University, London 12 - 13 Apr 2018 CIBSE.
Reflective Glass Effect on Energy Consumption and Food Quality in Delicatessen Cabinets
Paurine, A, Maidment, GG and Chaer, I (2018). Reflective Glass Effect on Energy Consumption and Food Quality in Delicatessen Cabinets. CIBSE Technical Symposium. London, UK. 12 - 13 Apr 2018 CIBSE.
Study of Energy and Cost Savings of Demand Controlled Fresh Air Systems
Chaer, I and Ricchetti, A (2018). Study of Energy and Cost Savings of Demand Controlled Fresh Air Systems. CIBSE Technical Symposium. London, UK 12 - 13 Apr 2018 CIBSE.
The Pro-Circular Change Model (P-CCM)– Proposing A Framework Facilitating Behavioural Change Towards a Circular Economy
Muranko, Z, Andrews, D, Newton, EJ, Chaer, I and Proudman, P (2018). The Pro-Circular Change Model (P-CCM)– Proposing A Framework Facilitating Behavioural Change Towards a Circular Economy. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 135, pp. 132-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.12.017
Feasibility Study of Pumping Cycle Kite Power System Implication in Scotland UK
Ye, Z, Lawner, H, Chaer, I and Marcus, R (2018). Feasibility Study of Pumping Cycle Kite Power System Implication in Scotland UK. 2018 3rd International Conference on Renewable Energy and Conservation. Sydney, Australia
Smart cities – Thermal networks for London
Chaer, I, Pope, I, Yebiyo, M and Paurine, A (2018). Smart cities – Thermal networks for London. Thermal Science and Engineering Progress. 8, pp. 10-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsep.2018.07.011
Developing a Circular Economy in the Retail Refrigeration Industry: The Influence of Financial Incentives, Quality Standards and Process Supporting Tools on the Behavioural Intentions to Purchase and Produce Remanufactured Refrigeration Equipment
Muranko, Z, Andrews, D, Chaer, I, Newton, EJ and Proudman, P (2018). Developing a Circular Economy in the Retail Refrigeration Industry: The Influence of Financial Incentives, Quality Standards and Process Supporting Tools on the Behavioural Intentions to Purchase and Produce Remanufactured Refrigeration Equipment. 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Resource Use in Food Chains (ICSEF 2018). Paphos, Cyprus 17 - 19 Oct 2018
Modelling of Heat Energy Recovery Potential form Underground Railways with Nearby Vertical Ground Heat Exchangers in an Urban Environment
Revesz, A, Chaer, I, Thompson, J, Mavroulidou, M, Gunn, M and Graeme, M (2018). Modelling of Heat Energy Recovery Potential form Underground Railways with Nearby Vertical Ground Heat Exchangers in an Urban Environment. Applied Thermal Engineering. 147, pp. 1059-1069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.10.118
Causes, Consequences and Prevention of Refrigeration Fires in Residential Dwellings
Beasley, M, Holborn, P, Ingram, J and Maidment, G (2018). Causes, Consequences and Prevention of Refrigeration Fires in Residential Dwellings. Fire Safety Journal. 102, pp. 66-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2018.11.001
Combining cooling of underground railways with heat recovery and reuse
Davies, G., Boot-Handford, N, Curry, D, Dennis, W, Ajileye, A, Revesz, A and Maidment, G (2018). Combining cooling of underground railways with heat recovery and reuse. Sustainable Cities and Society. 45, pp. 543-552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2018.11.045
Carbon Reduction and Energy Optimization Strategy for one NHS Trust
Chaer, I and Sattar, E (2015). Carbon Reduction and Energy Optimization Strategy for one NHS Trust. Technical symposium 2017: delivery resilient high performance buildings. Loughborough University 05 - 06 Apr 2017 CIBSE. pp. ? - ? (21)
Using Life Cycle Assessment to Illustrate the Benefits of Blinds as Passive and Sustainable Energy Saving Products in the Domestic Environment in the UK
Andrews, D, De Grussa, Z and Chaer, I (2015). Using Life Cycle Assessment to Illustrate the Benefits of Blinds as Passive and Sustainable Energy Saving Products in the Domestic Environment in the UK. Going north for sustainability. London South Bank University 25 Nov 2015 London South Bank University.
An Assessment of Differing Environmental and Economic Factors and their Impact on the Development of a Circular Economy for Refrigerated Display Cabinets in the UK
Andrews, D, Muranko, Z and Chaer, I (2015). An Assessment of Differing Environmental and Economic Factors and their Impact on the Development of a Circular Economy for Refrigerated Display Cabinets in the UK. Sustainable Innovation 2015. University for the Creative Arts Epsom, Surrey, UK 09 - 10 Nov 2015 London South Bank University.
Metropolitan Integrated Cooling and Heating
Davies, G., Boot-Handford, N, Grice, J, Dennis, W, Rami, R, Nicholls, A and Maidment, GG (2017). Metropolitan Integrated Cooling and Heating. ASHRAE Winter Conference. Las Vegas 28 Jan - 01 Feb 2017
Refrigerated warehouses as intelligent hubs to integrate renewable energy in industrial food refrigeration and to enhance power grid sustainability
Fikiin, K, Stankov, B, Evans, J, Maidment, GG, Foster, A, Brown, T, Radcliffe, J, Youbi-Idrissi, M, Alford, A, Varga, L, Alvarez, G, Ivanov, IE, Bond, C, Colombo, I, Garcia-Naveda, G, Ivanov, I, Hattori, K, Umeki, D, Bojkov, T and Kaloyanov, N (2017). Refrigerated warehouses as intelligent hubs to integrate renewable energy in industrial food refrigeration and to enhance power grid sustainability. Trends in Food Science and Technology. 60, pp. 96-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2016.11.011
Novel Trigeneration Analysis Model (TAM) for Assessing Optimal Cooling and CCHP Scenarios in Urban New Developments
Chaer, I, Opara, P and Day, T (2017). Novel Trigeneration Analysis Model (TAM) for Assessing Optimal Cooling and CCHP Scenarios in Urban New Developments. 10th International Conference on Thermal Engineering: Theory and Applications. Muscat, Oman 26 - 28 Feb 2017
Metering measurement challenges & monitoring of a large scale ground source heat pump (GSHP) system
Yebiyo, M, Maidment, GG, Paurine, A and Day, A (2017). Metering measurement challenges & monitoring of a large scale ground source heat pump (GSHP) system. at American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) winter Conference. Las Vegas 28 Feb - 02 Mar 2017
Domestic Refrigerator Design -Safety Issues and Opportunities
Beasley, M, Holborn, PG, Ingram, JM and Maidment, GG (2017). Domestic Refrigerator Design -Safety Issues and Opportunities. The Institute of Refrigeration Event 2nd March 2017. London South Bank University 02 - 02 Mar 2017
Life-Saving Cooling
Yebiyo, M and Maidment, GG (2017). Life-Saving Cooling. CIBSE journal. 201703.
Community Energy in the UK: The End or the Beginning of a Brighter Future?
Mirzania, P, Andrews, D, Ford, A and Maidment, GG (2017). Community Energy in the UK: The End or the Beginning of a Brighter Future? Energy for Society: 1st international conference on Energy Research & Social Science. Sitges, Spain 05 - 07 Apr 2017
Cooling and recovery of heat from underground railway tunnels for district heating
Davies, G, Maidment, GG, Dennis, W, Ajileye, A and Grice, J (2017). Cooling and recovery of heat from underground railway tunnels for district heating. CIBSE ASHRAE Technical Symposium. Loughborough UK 05 - 06 Apr 2017
Overview of Sustainable Refrigerated Road Transport Systems
Davies, GF, Francis, C., Evans, JA and Maidment, GG (2017). Overview of Sustainable Refrigerated Road Transport Systems. in: Smithers, G, Day, L, Ferranti, P, Fischer, A, Glibetic, M, Knoezer, K, Lee, A, McSweeney, P, Robertson, G, Schasteen, C, Smith, N, Tanner, D and Varelis, P (ed.) Reference Module in Food Science Elsevier.
Unwrapped food product display shelf life assessment
Hadawey, A, Tassou, SA, Chaer, I and Sundararajan, R (2017). Unwrapped food product display shelf life assessment. Energy Procedia. 123, pp. 62-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.07.233
Potential Impacts of the Montreal Protocol Kigali Amendment to the Choice of Refrigerant Alternatives
Peixoto, R, Kuijpers, L, Polonara, F and Maidment, GG (2017). Potential Impacts of the Montreal Protocol Kigali Amendment to the Choice of Refrigerant Alternatives. CIAR Conbrava 2017. Sao Paulo - Brazil 12 - 17 Sep 2017
Incentivising pro-circular behaviours: proposing a new enhanced capital allowance scheme for remanufactured products - the case of refrigerated display cabinets in the United Kingdom
Muranko, Z, Andrews, D, Chaer, I, Newton, EJ, Proudman, P and Longhurst, M (2017). Incentivising pro-circular behaviours: proposing a new enhanced capital allowance scheme for remanufactured products - the case of refrigerated display cabinets in the United Kingdom. Energy Procedia. 123, pp. 369-374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.07.271
Pro-circular behaviours and refrigerated display cabinets: supporting resource efficiency in the retail refrigeration sector
Muranko, Z, Andrews, D, Chaer, I, Newton, EJ, Proudman, P and Longhurst, M (2017). Pro-circular behaviours and refrigerated display cabinets: supporting resource efficiency in the retail refrigeration sector. Energy Procedia. 123, pp. 70-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.07.235
Non-equilibrium gas-liquid transition model
Chaer, I, Librovich, BV, Nowakowski, AF and Tassou, SA (2007). Non-equilibrium gas-liquid transition model. Sixth International Congress on Industrial Applied Mathematics (ICIAM07) and GAMM Annual Meeting. Zurich Dec 2007 London South Bank University. https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.200700233
Investigation of an integrated low carbon solar assisted heat pump
Godbold, R, Paurine, A and Maidment, GG (2016). Investigation of an integrated low carbon solar assisted heat pump. 12th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants. Edinburgh, United Kingdom 21 - 24 Aug 2016 IIR. https://doi.org/10.18462/iir.gl.2016.1193
Magnetic Attraction
Yebiyo, M and Maidment, GG (2016). Magnetic Attraction. CIBSE journal. 201602, pp. 46-47.
Evaluation of Supermarket Energy Use and Emissions with Various Technology Options
Evans, J, Ge, YT, Tassou, SA, Foster, A and Maidment, GG (2016). Evaluation of Supermarket Energy Use and Emissions with Various Technology Options. Proceedings of IOR. Solihul 03 Mar 2016
Modelling and Evaluation of Supermarket Energy Use and Emissions
Maidment, GG (2016). Modelling and Evaluation of Supermarket Energy Use and Emissions. Proceedings of the Institute of Refrigeration.
Supermarket energy use and greenhouse gas emissions – technology options review
Evans, JA, Maidment, GG, Brown, T, Hammond, E and Foster, A (2016). Supermarket energy use and greenhouse gas emissions – technology options review. Proceedings of the Institute of Refrigeration. London 03 Mar 2016
UK Centre for Efficient and Renewable Energy in Buildings (CEREB)- Lessons Learned After 5 Years of Running
Yebiyo, M, Chaer, I, Shatha, H, Ye, Z and Dunn, A (2016). UK Centre for Efficient and Renewable Energy in Buildings (CEREB)- Lessons Learned After 5 Years of Running. 9th International Conference on Thermal Engineering: Theory and Applications. Abu Dhabi, UAE 24 - 26 Mar 2016 London South Bank University.
Alternative Heat Transfer Fluid in Heating Systems-Energy Results from a Real Case Study
Yebiyo, M, Chaer, I, Shatha, H, Ye, Z, Peter, S and Kadir, D (2016). Alternative Heat Transfer Fluid in Heating Systems-Energy Results from a Real Case Study. 9th International Conference on Thermal Engineering: Theory and Applications. Abu Dhabi, UAE 24 - 26 Mar 2016
An investigation of Cooling Unit Performance on the London Underground Railway Network
Maidment, GG (2016). An investigation of Cooling Unit Performance on the London Underground Railway Network. CIBSE technical symposium. Edinburgh 13 - 15 Apr 2016 CIBSE.
Carbon reduction opportunities for supermarkets
Evans, JA, Maidment, GG, Brown, T, Hammond, E and Foster, A (2016). Carbon reduction opportunities for supermarkets. 4th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Auckland, New Zealand 07 - 09 Apr 2016 IIR. https://doi.org/10.18462/iir.iccc.2016.0042
Experimental study and flow visualization of Fe2O3/kerosene in glass oscillating heat pipes
Goshayeshi, HR and Chaer, I (2016). Experimental study and flow visualization of Fe2O3/kerosene in glass oscillating heat pipes. Applied Thermal Engineering. 103, pp. 1213-1218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.04.109
The Value of hybrid heat pumps
Yebiyo, M and Maidment, GG (2016). The Value of hybrid heat pumps. CIBSE journal. 2016 (Aug).
Large scale cooling using mains water
Davies, G., Maidment, GG, Paurine, A, Rutter, P, Evans, T and Tozer, R (2016). Large scale cooling using mains water. 12th Institute of Refrigeration Gustav Lorentzen Natural Working Fluids Conference. Edinburgh, UK 21 - 24 Aug 2016
Simulation of the heat recovery use of R744 systems in a supermarket
Colombo, I, Maidment, GG, Chaer, I and Paurine, A (2016). Simulation of the heat recovery use of R744 systems in a supermarket. 12th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Natural Working Fluids Conference. Edinburgh, UK 21 - 24 Aug 2016 IIR. https://doi.org/10.18462/iir.gl.2016.1180
Solar assisted heat pumps
Godbold, R, Paurine, A and Maidment, GG (2016). Solar assisted heat pumps. 12th Gustav Lorentzen Natural Working Fluids conference. Edinburgh 20 - 22 Aug 2016
Carbon reduction opportunities for supermarkets
Evans, J, Maidment, GG, Brown, T, Hammond, E and Foster, A (2016). Carbon reduction opportunities for supermarkets. IRHACE journal.
An investigation of refrigerant leakage in commercial refrigeration
Francis, C., Maidment, GG and Davies, G. (2016). An investigation of refrigerant leakage in commercial refrigeration. International Journal of Refrigeration. 74 (Feb), pp. 10-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2016.10.009
DEVELOPING CIRCULAR ECONOMY FOR THE RETAIL REFRIGERATION INDUSTRY: HOW FINANCIAL INCENTIVES COULD INFLUENCE REMANUFACTURiNG OF REFRIGERATED DISPLAY CABINETS IN THE UK
Muranko, Z, Andrews, D, Chaer, I, Newton, EJ, Proudman, P and Longhurst, M (2016). DEVELOPING CIRCULAR ECONOMY FOR THE RETAIL REFRIGERATION INDUSTRY: HOW FINANCIAL INCENTIVES COULD INFLUENCE REMANUFACTURiNG OF REFRIGERATED DISPLAY CABINETS IN THE UK. Sustainable Innovation 2016 21st International Conference ‘Circular Economy’ Innovation & Design. University for the Creative Arts Epsom, Surrey, UK 07 - 08 Nov 2016
HARNESSING DAYLIGHTING AND SOLAR GAINS AS SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURAL DESIGNMETHODSIN MIXED-USE DEVELOPMENTS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA.
Mahmoudi Saber, E., Chaer, I. and Ekpeti, B. (2015). HARNESSING DAYLIGHTING AND SOLAR GAINS AS SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURAL DESIGNMETHODSIN MIXED-USE DEVELOPMENTS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA. CIBSE Technical Symposium. London 16 - 17 Apr 2015 CIBSE.
Life Cycle Assessment of salmon cold chains: Comparison between chilling and superchilling technologies
Hoang, HM, Leducq, D, Brown, T, Maidment, GG, Indergård, E and Alvarez, G (2015). Life Cycle Assessment of salmon cold chains: Comparison between chilling and superchilling technologies. Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration. Yokohama, Japan 16 - 22 Aug 2015 International Institute of Refrigeration. pp. 4574-4581 https://doi.org/10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0440
Modelling and development of sustainable Refrigerated road transport systems
Francis, C, Davies, G., Evans, J, Maughan, P, Sherwood, J and Maidment, GG (2015). Modelling and development of sustainable Refrigerated road transport systems. Refrigeration Science and Technology. https://doi.org/10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0324
Comparison of copper and glass oscillating heat pipes with Fe2O3 under magnetic field.
Goshayeshi, HR and Chaer, I (2015). Comparison of copper and glass oscillating heat pipes with Fe2O3 under magnetic field. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies. 11 (4), pp. 455- 459. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctv021
Ground source heat pumps and their interactions with underground railway tunnels in an urban environment: A review
Revesz, A, Chaer, I, Thompson, J, Mavroulidou, M, Gunn, MJ and Maidment, GG (2015). Ground source heat pumps and their interactions with underground railway tunnels in an urban environment: A review. Applied Thermal Engineering. 93, pp. 147 - 154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.09.011
Estimation of Cooling Energy Demand and Carbon Emissions from Urban Buildings using a Quasi-dynamic Model
Cowan, D, Maidment, GG and Chaer, I (2014). Estimation of Cooling Energy Demand and Carbon Emissions from Urban Buildings using a Quasi-dynamic Model. ASHRAE 2014 Winter Conference. New York city, USA 18 - 22 Jan 2014 London South Bank University.
A Carbon Footprint Study and a Life Cycle Assessment of an identical Refrigerated Display Cabinet: comparative analysis of the respective ratios of embodied and operational impacts
Bibalou, D, Andrews, D, Chaer, I, Maidment, GG and Longhurst, M (2014). A Carbon Footprint Study and a Life Cycle Assessment of an identical Refrigerated Display Cabinet: comparative analysis of the respective ratios of embodied and operational impacts. 4th International Conference on Life Cycle Approaches. Lille, France 05 - 06 Nov 2014 Forum for Sustainability Through Life Cycle Innovation.
Theoretical modelling and experimental investigation of a thermal energy storage refrigerator
Marques, C., Davies, G., Evans, JA, Maidment, GG and Wood, ID (2013). Theoretical modelling and experimental investigation of a thermal energy storage refrigerator. Energy. 55, pp. 457-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2013.03.091
The use of phase change materials in domestic refrigerator applications
Evans, J, Marques, C., Davies, G, Maidment, GG and Wood, ID (2013). The use of phase change materials in domestic refrigerator applications. Proceedings of the Institute of Refrigeration 2013-2014. London, UK 07 Nov 2013 Institute of Refrigeration.
Novel design and performance enhancement of domestic refrigerators with thermal storage
Marques, C., Davies, G., Maidment, GG, Evans, JA and Wood, ID (2013). Novel design and performance enhancement of domestic refrigerators with thermal storage. Applied Thermal Engineering. 63 (2), pp. 511-519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.11.043
Potential life cycle carbon savings with low emissivity packaging for refrigerated food on display
Davies, G., Man, CMD, Andrews, D, Paurine, A, Hutchins, MG and Maidment, GG (2012). Potential life cycle carbon savings with low emissivity packaging for refrigerated food on display. Journal of Food Engineering. 109 (2), pp. 202-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.10.018
Description and validation of a computer based refrigeration system simulator
Eames, IW, Brown, T, Evans, JA and Maidment, GG (2012). Description and validation of a computer based refrigeration system simulator. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 85, pp. 53-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2012.03.010
Carbon dioxide refrigeration with heat recovery for supermarkets
Colombo, I, Maidment, GG, Chaer, I and Missenden, JM (2012). Carbon dioxide refrigeration with heat recovery for supermarkets. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies. 9 (1), pp. 38-44. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/cts040
Modelling of a thermal storage refrigerator
Marques, C., Davies, G., Evans, J., Maidment, G. and Wood I. (2011). Modelling of a thermal storage refrigerator. The 23rd IIR International Congress of Refrigeration. Prague, Czech Republic 01 - 01 Aug 2011 International Institute of Refrigeration.
REAL Zero – Reducing refrigerant emissions & leakage- feedback from the IOR Project
Cowan, D, Gartshore, J, Christina, F, Chaer, I and Maidment, GG (2011). REAL Zero – Reducing refrigerant emissions & leakage- feedback from the IOR Project. Proceedings of the Institute of Refrigeration.
Novel Design and Performance of Domestic Refrigerators
Marques, C., Evans, J., Davies, G., Maidment, G. and Wood I. (2010). Novel Design and Performance of Domestic Refrigerators. 1st IIR International Cold Chain Conference. UK, Cambridge 29 - 31 Mar 2010 International Institute of Refrigeration.
Application of Phase Change Materials to Domestic Refrigerators
Marques, C., Davies, G., Maidment, G., Evans, J. and Wood I. (2010). Application of Phase Change Materials to Domestic Refrigerators. 9th IIR Conference on Phase Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning. Sofia, Bulgaria 29 Sep 210 - 01 Oct 2010 International Institute of Refrigeration.
Modelling and performance evaluation of a low-temperature ammonia-water absorption refrigeration system
Ge, YT, Tassou, SA and Chaer, I (2009). Modelling and performance evaluation of a low-temperature ammonia-water absorption refrigeration system. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies. 4 (2), pp. 68 - 77. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctp015
Trigeneration in food retail: An energetic, economic and environmental evaluation for a supermarket application; Applied Thermal Engineering
Sugiartha, N, Tassou, SA, Chaer, I and Marriott, D (2007). Trigeneration in food retail: An energetic, economic and environmental evaluation for a supermarket application; Applied Thermal Engineering. Applied Thermal Engineering. 29 (13), pp. 2624-2632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2008.11.018
Heat transfer and pressure drop of ice slurries in plate heat exchangers
Bellas, J, Chaer, I and Tassou, SA (2002). Heat transfer and pressure drop of ice slurries in plate heat exchangers. Applied Thermal Engineering. 22 (7), pp. 721 - 732. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-4311(01)00126-0