An investigation of refrigerant leakage in commercial refrigeration

Journal article

Francis, C., Maidment, GG and Davies, G. (2016). An investigation of refrigerant leakage in commercial refrigeration. International Journal of Refrigeration. 74 (Feb), pp. 10-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2016.10.009
AuthorsFrancis, C., Maidment, GG and Davies, G.
Abstract

Given that refrigerant demand is set to rapidly increase, long term solutions for leakage prevention are required to effect change in the industry. This paper presents the results of a project which investigated refrigerant leakage within two of the UK’s major supermarket chains. Leakage data from 1,464 maintenance records were analysed. The analysis categorized the type, location of each leak and volume of refrigerant replaced during repair. Over 82% of the recorded leaks were from R404A refrigeration systems, and mainly consisted of pipe or joint failures or a leaking seal/gland/core located in the compressor pack and the high pressure liquid line. It is recommended that the industry focuses on improving design, installation and maintenance of pipework and valves, at the components that most often develop faults to minimize refrigerant leakage.

KeywordsRefrigerant; Leakage; F-gas emissions; Supermarkets
Year2016
JournalInternational Journal of Refrigeration
Journal citation74 (Feb), pp. 10-19
PublisherElsevier BV
ISSN0140-7007
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2016.10.009
Publication dates
Print17 Oct 2016
Publication process dates
Deposited25 Nov 2016
Accepted09 Oct 2016
Accepted author manuscript
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Francis, C, Davies, G., Evans, J, Maughan, P, Sherwood, J and Maidment, GG (2015). Modelling and development of sustainable Refrigerated road transport systems. Refrigeration Science and Technology. https://doi.org/10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0324
Ground source heat pumps and their interactions with underground railway tunnels in an urban environment: A review
Revesz, A, Chaer, I, Thompson, J, Mavroulidou, M, Gunn, MJ and Maidment, GG (2015). Ground source heat pumps and their interactions with underground railway tunnels in an urban environment: A review. Applied Thermal Engineering. 93, pp. 147 - 154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.09.011
Modelling and measurement of a moving magnet linear compressor performance
Liang, K., Stone, R., Davies, G., Dadd, M. and Bailey, P. (2014). Modelling and measurement of a moving magnet linear compressor performance. Energy. 66, pp. 487-495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.035
Estimation of Cooling Energy Demand and Carbon Emissions from Urban Buildings using a Quasi-dynamic Model
Cowan, D, Maidment, GG and Chaer, I (2014). Estimation of Cooling Energy Demand and Carbon Emissions from Urban Buildings using a Quasi-dynamic Model. ASHRAE 2014 Winter Conference. New York city, USA 18 - 22 Jan 2014 London South Bank University.
A Carbon Footprint Study and a Life Cycle Assessment of an identical Refrigerated Display Cabinet: comparative analysis of the respective ratios of embodied and operational impacts
Bibalou, D, Andrews, D, Chaer, I, Maidment, GG and Longhurst, M (2014). A Carbon Footprint Study and a Life Cycle Assessment of an identical Refrigerated Display Cabinet: comparative analysis of the respective ratios of embodied and operational impacts. 4th International Conference on Life Cycle Approaches. Lille, France 05 - 06 Nov 2014 Forum for Sustainability Through Life Cycle Innovation.
Theoretical modelling and experimental investigation of a thermal energy storage refrigerator
Marques, C., Davies, G., Evans, JA, Maidment, GG and Wood, ID (2013). Theoretical modelling and experimental investigation of a thermal energy storage refrigerator. Energy. 55, pp. 457-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2013.03.091
The use of phase change materials in domestic refrigerator applications
Evans, J, Marques, C., Davies, G, Maidment, GG and Wood, ID (2013). The use of phase change materials in domestic refrigerator applications. Proceedings of the Institute of Refrigeration 2013-2014. London, UK 07 Nov 2013 Institute of Refrigeration.
Novel design and performance enhancement of domestic refrigerators with thermal storage
Marques, C., Davies, G., Maidment, GG, Evans, JA and Wood, ID (2013). Novel design and performance enhancement of domestic refrigerators with thermal storage. Applied Thermal Engineering. 63 (2), pp. 511-519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.11.043
Potential life cycle carbon savings with low emissivity packaging for refrigerated food on display
Davies, G., Man, CMD, Andrews, D, Paurine, A, Hutchins, MG and Maidment, GG (2012). Potential life cycle carbon savings with low emissivity packaging for refrigerated food on display. Journal of Food Engineering. 109 (2), pp. 202-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.10.018
Description and validation of a computer based refrigeration system simulator
Eames, IW, Brown, T, Evans, JA and Maidment, GG (2012). Description and validation of a computer based refrigeration system simulator. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 85, pp. 53-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2012.03.010
Carbon dioxide refrigeration with heat recovery for supermarkets
Colombo, I, Maidment, GG, Chaer, I and Missenden, JM (2012). Carbon dioxide refrigeration with heat recovery for supermarkets. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies. 9 (1), pp. 38-44. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/cts040
Modelling of a thermal storage refrigerator
Marques, C., Davies, G., Evans, J., Maidment, G. and Wood I. (2011). Modelling of a thermal storage refrigerator. The 23rd IIR International Congress of Refrigeration. Prague, Czech Republic 01 - 01 Aug 2011 International Institute of Refrigeration.
REAL Zero – Reducing refrigerant emissions & leakage- feedback from the IOR Project
Cowan, D, Gartshore, J, Christina, F, Chaer, I and Maidment, GG (2011). REAL Zero – Reducing refrigerant emissions & leakage- feedback from the IOR Project. Proceedings of the Institute of Refrigeration.
Novel Design and Performance of Domestic Refrigerators
Marques, C., Evans, J., Davies, G., Maidment, G. and Wood I. (2010). Novel Design and Performance of Domestic Refrigerators. 1st IIR International Cold Chain Conference. UK, Cambridge 29 - 31 Mar 2010 International Institute of Refrigeration.
Application of Phase Change Materials to Domestic Refrigerators
Marques, C., Davies, G., Maidment, G., Evans, J. and Wood I. (2010). Application of Phase Change Materials to Domestic Refrigerators. 9th IIR Conference on Phase Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning. Sofia, Bulgaria 29 Sep 210 - 01 Oct 2010 International Institute of Refrigeration.