Waste Heat Recovery from Underground Railways – Evaluating the Cooling Potential

Conference paper

Roscoe P.L.H., Revesz, A., Davies, G., Maidment, G., Gysin, K., Curry, D., Faulks, G., Murphy, D. and Vivian, J. (2021). Waste Heat Recovery from Underground Railways – Evaluating the Cooling Potential. CIBSE Technical Symposium 2021. Virtual online conference 13 - 14 Jul 2021 CIBSE.
AuthorsRoscoe P.L.H., Revesz, A., Davies, G., Maidment, G., Gysin, K., Curry, D., Faulks, G., Murphy, D. and Vivian, J.
TypeConference paper
Abstract

The Bunhill Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) System is a first of its kind scheme that will recover waste energy from a ventilation shaft of the London Underground (LU) network. The system is based upon the installation of a heat recovery heat exchanger that consists of cooling coils and a reversible fan. The coils are connected to a heat pump that supplies low carbon thermal energy to the Bunhill Heat Network in the London Borough of Islington. One particularly important aspect of the Bunhill WHR system is its ability to operate in a way that not only provides heating to the local heat network, but can also simultaneously supply cooled air to the LU tunnels depending on the operation of the reversible fan. The current paper provides an analysis of the heating and cooling duties and their associated cost and carbon savings against conventional technologies based upon a mathematical model of the WHR system. The model is able to predict the condition of the coil surface according to air inlet parameters, and this is used to calculate the latent and sensible cooling loads, which are applied to simulate how the system impacts the local tunnel environment, with peak temperature reductions of up to 7.2 °C being estimated for adjacent stations in 2030. The results from these analyses are reported, together with recommendations for further development and future deployment of heat recovery from metro systems.

KeywordsHeating and cooling, heat pumps, waste heat, heat networks, district energy, London Underground, railway tunnels, modelling
Year2021
PublisherCIBSE
Accepted author manuscript
License
File Access Level
Open
Publication dates
Print13 Jul 2021
Publication process dates
Accepted03 Jun 2021
Deposited30 Jul 2021
Web address (URL) of conference proceedingshttps://www.cibse.org/technical-symposium/past-papers-case-studies-archive
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Evans, J, Maidment, GG, Brown, T, Hammond, E and Foster, A (2016). Carbon reduction opportunities for supermarkets. IRHACE journal.
An investigation of refrigerant leakage in commercial refrigeration
Francis, C., Maidment, GG and Davies, G. (2016). An investigation of refrigerant leakage in commercial refrigeration. International Journal of Refrigeration. 74 (Feb), pp. 10-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2016.10.009
Life Cycle Assessment of salmon cold chains: Comparison between chilling and superchilling technologies
Hoang, HM, Leducq, D, Brown, T, Maidment, GG, Indergård, E and Alvarez, G (2015). Life Cycle Assessment of salmon cold chains: Comparison between chilling and superchilling technologies. Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration. Yokohama, Japan 16 - 22 Aug 2015 International Institute of Refrigeration. pp. 4574-4581 https://doi.org/10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0440
Modelling and development of sustainable Refrigerated road transport systems
Francis, C, Davies, G., Evans, J, Maughan, P, Sherwood, J and Maidment, GG (2015). Modelling and development of sustainable Refrigerated road transport systems. Refrigeration Science and Technology. https://doi.org/10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0324
Ground source heat pumps and their interactions with underground railway tunnels in an urban environment: A review
Revesz, A, Chaer, I, Thompson, J, Mavroulidou, M, Gunn, MJ and Maidment, GG (2015). Ground source heat pumps and their interactions with underground railway tunnels in an urban environment: A review. Applied Thermal Engineering. 93, pp. 147 - 154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.09.011
Modelling and measurement of a moving magnet linear compressor performance
Liang, K., Stone, R., Davies, G., Dadd, M. and Bailey, P. (2014). Modelling and measurement of a moving magnet linear compressor performance. Energy. 66, pp. 487-495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.035
Estimation of Cooling Energy Demand and Carbon Emissions from Urban Buildings using a Quasi-dynamic Model
Cowan, D, Maidment, GG and Chaer, I (2014). Estimation of Cooling Energy Demand and Carbon Emissions from Urban Buildings using a Quasi-dynamic Model. ASHRAE 2014 Winter Conference. New York city, USA 18 - 22 Jan 2014 London South Bank University.
A Carbon Footprint Study and a Life Cycle Assessment of an identical Refrigerated Display Cabinet: comparative analysis of the respective ratios of embodied and operational impacts
Bibalou, D, Andrews, D, Chaer, I, Maidment, GG and Longhurst, M (2014). A Carbon Footprint Study and a Life Cycle Assessment of an identical Refrigerated Display Cabinet: comparative analysis of the respective ratios of embodied and operational impacts. 4th International Conference on Life Cycle Approaches. Lille, France 05 - 06 Nov 2014 Forum for Sustainability Through Life Cycle Innovation.
Theoretical modelling and experimental investigation of a thermal energy storage refrigerator
Marques, C., Davies, G., Evans, JA, Maidment, GG and Wood, ID (2013). Theoretical modelling and experimental investigation of a thermal energy storage refrigerator. Energy. 55, pp. 457-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2013.03.091
The use of phase change materials in domestic refrigerator applications
Evans, J, Marques, C., Davies, G, Maidment, GG and Wood, ID (2013). The use of phase change materials in domestic refrigerator applications. Proceedings of the Institute of Refrigeration 2013-2014. London, UK 07 Nov 2013 Institute of Refrigeration.
Novel design and performance enhancement of domestic refrigerators with thermal storage
Marques, C., Davies, G., Maidment, GG, Evans, JA and Wood, ID (2013). Novel design and performance enhancement of domestic refrigerators with thermal storage. Applied Thermal Engineering. 63 (2), pp. 511-519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.11.043
Potential life cycle carbon savings with low emissivity packaging for refrigerated food on display
Davies, G., Man, CMD, Andrews, D, Paurine, A, Hutchins, MG and Maidment, GG (2012). Potential life cycle carbon savings with low emissivity packaging for refrigerated food on display. Journal of Food Engineering. 109 (2), pp. 202-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.10.018
Description and validation of a computer based refrigeration system simulator
Eames, IW, Brown, T, Evans, JA and Maidment, GG (2012). Description and validation of a computer based refrigeration system simulator. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 85, pp. 53-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2012.03.010
Carbon dioxide refrigeration with heat recovery for supermarkets
Colombo, I, Maidment, GG, Chaer, I and Missenden, JM (2012). Carbon dioxide refrigeration with heat recovery for supermarkets. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies. 9 (1), pp. 38-44. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/cts040
Modelling of a thermal storage refrigerator
Marques, C., Davies, G., Evans, J., Maidment, G. and Wood I. (2011). Modelling of a thermal storage refrigerator. The 23rd IIR International Congress of Refrigeration. Prague, Czech Republic 01 - 01 Aug 2011 International Institute of Refrigeration.
REAL Zero – Reducing refrigerant emissions & leakage- feedback from the IOR Project
Cowan, D, Gartshore, J, Christina, F, Chaer, I and Maidment, GG (2011). REAL Zero – Reducing refrigerant emissions & leakage- feedback from the IOR Project. Proceedings of the Institute of Refrigeration.
Novel Design and Performance of Domestic Refrigerators
Marques, C., Evans, J., Davies, G., Maidment, G. and Wood I. (2010). Novel Design and Performance of Domestic Refrigerators. 1st IIR International Cold Chain Conference. UK, Cambridge 29 - 31 Mar 2010 International Institute of Refrigeration.
Application of Phase Change Materials to Domestic Refrigerators
Marques, C., Davies, G., Maidment, G., Evans, J. and Wood I. (2010). Application of Phase Change Materials to Domestic Refrigerators. 9th IIR Conference on Phase Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning. Sofia, Bulgaria 29 Sep 210 - 01 Oct 2010 International Institute of Refrigeration.