Ultrasound Super-Resolution Imaging for the Differential Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodules: A Pilot Study

Journal article

Zhang, G., Yu, J., Lei, Y-M., Hu, J-R., Hu, H-M., Harput, S., Guo, Z., Cui, X-W. and Ye, H.R. (2022). Ultrasound Super-Resolution Imaging for the Differential Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodules: A Pilot Study. Frontiers in Oncology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.978164
AuthorsZhang, G., Yu, J., Lei, Y-M., Hu, J-R., Hu, H-M., Harput, S., Guo, Z., Cui, X-W. and Ye, H.R.
Abstract

Objective: Ultrasound imaging provides a fast and safe examination of thyroid nodules. Recently, the introduction of superresolution imaging technique shows the capability of breaking the Ultrasound diffraction limit in imaging the micro-vessels. The aim of this study was to evaluate its feasibility and value for the differentiation of thyroid nodules.
Methods: In this study, B-mode, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and color Doppler flow imaging examinations were performed on thyroid nodules in 24 patients. Super-resolution imaging was performed to visualize the microvasculature with finer details. Microvascular flow rate (MFR) and micro-vessel density (MVD) within thyroid nodules were computed. The MFR and MVD were used to differentiate the benign and malignant thyroid nodules with pathological results as a gold standard.
Results: Super-resolution imaging (SRI) technique can be successfully applied on human thyroid nodules to visualize the microvasculature with finer details and obtain the useful clinical information MVD and MFR to help differential diagnosis. The results suggested that the mean value of the MFR within benign thyroid nodule was 16.76 ± 6.82 mm/s whereas that within malignant thyroid was 9.86 ± 4.54 mm/s. The mean value of the MVD within benign thyroid was 0.78 while the value for malignant thyroid region was 0.59. MFR and MVD within the benign thyroid nodules were significantly higher than those within the malignant thyroid nodules respectively (p < 0.01).
Conclusions: This study demonstrates the feasibility of ultrasound super-resolution imaging to show micro-vessels of human thyroid nodules via a clinical ultrasound platform. The important imaging markers, such as MVD and MFR, can be derived from SRI to provide more useful clinical information. It has the potential to be a new tool for aiding differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules.

Year2022
JournalFrontiers in Oncology
PublisherFrontiers Media
ISSN2234-943X
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.978164
Publication dates
Print27 Oct 2022
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Accepted01 Oct 2022
Deposited09 Nov 2022
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Moubark, A.M., Alomari, Z., Harput, S., Cowell, D.M.J. and Freear, S. (2016). Enhancement of contrast and resolution of B-mode plane wave imaging (PWI) with non-linear filtered delay multiply and sum (FDMAS) beamforming. 2016 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS). Tours, France 18 - 21 Sep 2016 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2016.7728536
Improved shear wave-front reconstruction method by aligning imaging beam angles with shear-wave polarization: Applied for shear compounding application
Hyder, S., Harput, S., Alomari, Z., Cowell, D.M.J., McLaughlan, J. and Freear, S. (2016). Improved shear wave-front reconstruction method by aligning imaging beam angles with shear-wave polarization: Applied for shear compounding application. 2016 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS). Tours, France 18 - 21 Sep 2016 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2016.7728536
Simultaneous trapping and imaging of microbubbles at clinically relevant flow rates
Harput, S., Nie, L., Cowell, D.M.J., Carpenter, T., Raiton, B., McLaughlan, J. and Freear, S. (2016). Simultaneous trapping and imaging of microbubbles at clinically relevant flow rates. 2016 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS). Tours, France 18 - 21 Sep 2016 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2016.7728393
Coupling of wideband impulses generated by granular chains into liquids for biomedical applications
Harput, S., Freear, S., Gelat, P., Saffari, N., Yang, J., Akanji, O., Thomas, P.J. and Hutchins, D.A. (2016). Coupling of wideband impulses generated by granular chains into liquids for biomedical applications. 2016 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS). Tours, France 18 - 21 Sep 2016 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2016.7728481
Spatial Resolution and Contrast Enhancement in Photoacoustic Imaging with Filter Delay Multiply and Sum Beamforming Technique
Alshaya, A., Harput, S., Moubark, A.M., Cowell, D.M.J., McLaughlan, J. and Freear, S. (2016). Spatial Resolution and Contrast Enhancement in Photoacoustic Imaging with Filter Delay Multiply and Sum Beamforming Technique. 2016 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS). Tours, France 18 - 21 Sep 2016 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2016.7728682
Specimen-agnostic guided wave inspection using recursive feedback
Adams, C., Harput, S., Cowell, D., Freear, S. and Charutz, D.M. (2016). Specimen-agnostic guided wave inspection using recursive feedback. 2016 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS). Tours, France 18 - 21 Sep 2016 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2016.7728811
The Effect of Boundary Conditions on Resonant Ultrasonic Spherical Chains
Akanji, O, Yang, J., Hutchins, D., Thomas, P.J., Davis, L.A.J., Harput, S., Freear, S., Gelat, P.N. and Saffari, N. (2016). The Effect of Boundary Conditions on Resonant Ultrasonic Spherical Chains. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control. 63 (11), pp. 1957-1966. https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2016.2576563
An adaptive array excitation scheme for the unidirectional enhancement of guided waves
Adams, C., Harput, S., Cowell, D., Carpenter, T.M., Charutz, D.M. and Freear, S. (2016). An adaptive array excitation scheme for the unidirectional enhancement of guided waves. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control. 64 (2), pp. 441-451. https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2016.2628100
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging with chirps: Signal processing and pulse compression
Harput, S., McLaughlan, J., Cowell, D. and Freear, S. (2015). Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging with chirps: Signal processing and pulse compression. 2015 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS). Taipei, Taiwan 21 Oct - 24 Nov 2015 https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2015.0160
Ultrasonic propagation in finite-length granular chains
Hutchins, D.A., Yang, J., Akanji, O., Thomas, P.J., Davis, L.A.J., Freear, S., Harput, S., Saffari, N. and Gelat, P. (2015). Ultrasonic propagation in finite-length granular chains. Ultrasonics. 69, pp. 215-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2015.10.018
Superharmonic imaging with chirp coded excitation: filtering spectrally overlapped harmonics
Harput, S., McLaughlan, J. and Cowell, D. M. J. (2014). Superharmonic imaging with chirp coded excitation: filtering spectrally overlapped harmonics. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control. 61 (11), pp. 1802-1814. https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2014.006424
Ultrasonic Phased Array Device for Acoustic Imaging in Air
Harput, S. and Bozkurt, A. (2008). Ultrasonic Phased Array Device for Acoustic Imaging in Air. IEEE Sensors Journal. 8 (11), pp. 1755 - 1762. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2008.2004574