eHealth literacy during the COVID-19 pandemic: seeking, sharing, suspicion amongst older and younger UK populations

Journal article

Sykes, S., Wills, J., Trasolini, A., Wood, K. and Frings, D. (2021). eHealth literacy during the COVID-19 pandemic: seeking, sharing, suspicion amongst older and younger UK populations. Health Promotion International. 37 (1), p. daab103. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daab103
AuthorsSykes, S., Wills, J., Trasolini, A., Wood, K. and Frings, D.
Abstract

The containment of infectious diseases is most successful when at-risk populations have a high level of relevant health literacy (HL). To achieve this both literacy needs and patterns of knowledge sharing must be understood within the context of the disease being studied. It is also important to understand these processes from both offline (HL) and online (eHL) perspectives and amongst demographics with access to different types of information and social capital, and who have different levels of vulnerability. This paper discusses the insights gained over a series of 30 interviews with the UK residents aged either 19-30 years of age or older than 70years—focussing on how they seek, understand, evaluate and convey information about COVID-19 during the current pandemic. Using thematic analysis, we identified themes around motivations to seek information, the information journey, digital choice and engagement, dilemmas and challenges of managing and appraising information, and sharing information. There was little difference in the eHL between the two age groups who both had high levels of education and were sophisticated digital citizens. The COVID-19 pandemic highlights three dominant processes in managing complex and uncertain information: some individuals may suffer from information fatigue but there was no evidence of any impact on their behaviours; others seek and share information across many networks; and there were strikingly high levels of distrust leading to complex processes of meaning-making demanding critical health literacy skills.

Keywordshealth literacy; eHealth literacy; digital health literacy; pandemics; health information
Year2021
JournalHealth Promotion International
Journal citation37 (1), p. daab103
PublisherOxford University Press (OUP)
ISSN0957-4824
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daab103
Publication dates
Print01 Jul 2021
Publication process dates
Accepted16 Jun 2021
Deposited19 Jul 2021
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This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in Health Promotion International following peer review. The version of record Susie Sykes, Jane Wills, Andrew Trasolini, Kerry Wood, Daniel Frings, eHealth literacy during the COVID-19 pandemic: seeking, sharing, suspicion amongst older and younger UK populations, Health Promotion International, 2021;, daab103, https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daab103 is available online at: https://academic.oup.com/heapro/advance-article/doi/10.1093/heapro/d...

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Sykes, S, Wills, J, Okan, O and Rowlands, G (2019). Shaping alcohol health literacy: a systematic concept analysis and review. Health Literacy Research and Practice. https://doi.org/10.3928/24748307-20191104-01
A survey of the effect of viewing an on-line e-cigarette advertisement on attitudes towards cigarette and e-cigarette use in adults located in the UK and USA: a cross-sectional study.
Booth, P, Albery, I, Frings, D and Cox, S (2019). A survey of the effect of viewing an on-line e-cigarette advertisement on attitudes towards cigarette and e-cigarette use in adults located in the UK and USA: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027525
Systematic review: What works to address obesity in nurses?
Kelly, M. and Wills, J (2018). Systematic review: What works to address obesity in nurses? Occupational Medicine. 68 (4), pp. 228-238. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqy038
Who stays in addiction treatment groups? Anxiety and avoidant attachment styles predict treatment retention and relapse.
Marshall, SW, Albery, IP and Frings, D (2018). Who stays in addiction treatment groups? Anxiety and avoidant attachment styles predict treatment retention and relapse. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy. 25 (4), pp. 525-531. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2187
Parents' drinking motives and problem drinking predict their children's drinking motives, alcohol use and substance misuse
Marino, C, Moss, AC, Vieno, A, Albery, IP, Frings, D and Spada, MM (2018). Parents' drinking motives and problem drinking predict their children's drinking motives, alcohol use and substance misuse. Addictive Behaviors. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.03.028
Impact of lower strength alcohol labelling on consumption: A randomised controlled trial
Vasiljevic, M, Couturier, D-L, Frings, D, Moss, AC, Albery, IP and Marteau, TM (2018). Impact of lower strength alcohol labelling on consumption: A randomised controlled trial. Health Psychology. 37 (7), pp. 658-667. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000622
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of CBT Interventions Based on the Fennell Model of Low Self-Esteem
Kolubinski, DC, Frings, D, Nikčević, AV, Lawrence, JA and Spada, MM (2018). A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of CBT Interventions Based on the Fennell Model of Low Self-Esteem. Psychiatry Research. 267, pp. 296-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.06.025
The effects of food craving and desire thinking on states of motivational challenge and threat and their physiological indices.
Frings, DJ, Eskisan, G, Caselli, G, Albery, IP, Moss, AC and Spada, MM (2018). The effects of food craving and desire thinking on states of motivational challenge and threat and their physiological indices. Eating and Weight Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-018-0525-y
They did it again! Social control responses to repeated incidences of deviance in small groups
Frings, D and Isabel, PR (2018). They did it again! Social control responses to repeated incidences of deviance in small groups. Revista de Psicología Social. 33 (3). https://doi.org/10.1080/02134748.2018.1482055
The effects of religion and stereotype content on verdicts and sentence severity when defending terror charges
Frings, D, Rice, K and Albery, IP (2018). The effects of religion and stereotype content on verdicts and sentence severity when defending terror charges. Applied Psychology in Criminal Justice. 14 (1), p. 18.
Messages matter: The Tobacco Products Directive nicotine addiction health warning versus an alternative relative risk message on smokers' willingness to use and purchase an electronic cigarette
Cox, S, Frings, D., Ahmed, R and Dawkins, L. (2018). Messages matter: The Tobacco Products Directive nicotine addiction health warning versus an alternative relative risk message on smokers' willingness to use and purchase an electronic cigarette. Addictive Behaviors Reports. 8, pp. 136-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2018.09.006
Nurses as role models in health promotion: piloting the acceptability of a social marketing campaign.
Wills, J, Kelly, M and Frings, D (2018). Nurses as role models in health promotion: piloting the acceptability of a social marketing campaign. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 75 (2), pp. 423-431. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13874
Challenges and opportunities in building critical health literacy
Sykes, SM and Wills, JD (2018). Challenges and opportunities in building critical health literacy. Global Health Promotion. 25 (4), p. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757975918789352
The effects of the European E-cigarette health warning and comparative health messages on non-smokers' and smokers' risk perceptions and behavioural intentions: study protocol
Kimber, C, Frings, D, Cox, S, Albery, I and Dawkins, L (2018). The effects of the European E-cigarette health warning and comparative health messages on non-smokers' and smokers' risk perceptions and behavioural intentions: study protocol. BMC Public Health. 18 (1259). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-6161-7
Helping you helps me: Giving and receiving social support in recovery groups for problem gamblers
Hutchison, P, Cox, S and Frings, DJ (2018). Helping you helps me: Giving and receiving social support in recovery groups for problem gamblers. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice. 22 (4), pp. 187-199. https://doi.org/10.1037/gdn0000090
Online and face-to-face extended brief interventions for harmful alcohol use: client characteristics, attendance and treatment outcomes
Frings, Daniel, Hogan, Cassandra J., Jn-Pierre, Kerlin H., Wood, K., Holmes, Mark and Albery, Ian P. (2018). Online and face-to-face extended brief interventions for harmful alcohol use: client characteristics, attendance and treatment outcomes. Counselling Psychology Quarterly. 33 (3), pp. 415-426. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515070.2018.1555516
Should nurses be role models for healthy lifestyles? Results from a modified Delphi study.
Kelly, M, Wills, JD, Jester, R and Speller, V (2017). Should nurses be role models for healthy lifestyles? Results from a modified Delphi study. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 73 (3), pp. 665-678. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13173
The whys and the hows of psychosocial approaches to addiction
Frings, D, Albery, IP and Monk, RL (2017). The whys and the hows of psychosocial approaches to addiction. Journal of Applied Social Psychology. 47 (3), pp. 115-117. https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.12440
The health literacy dyad: the contribution of future GPs in England
Wills, JD, Groene, O, Rowlands, G and Rudd, R (2017). The health literacy dyad: the contribution of future GPs in England. Education for primary care : an official publication of the Association of Course Organisers, National Association of GP Tutors, World Organisation of Family Doctors. 28 (5), pp. 274-281. https://doi.org/10.1080/14739879.2017.1327332
The Role of Community Development in Building Critical Health Literacy
Sykes, SM, Wills, JD and Popple, K (2017). The Role of Community Development in Building Critical Health Literacy. Community Development Journal. 53 (4), pp. 751-767. https://doi.org/10.1093/cdj/bsx019
The Effect of E-Cigarette Advertisements and Anti-Smoking Messages on Explicit and Implicit Attitudes towards Tobacco and E-Cigarette Smoking in 18-65 Year Olds: A Randomised Controlled Study Protocol
Booth, P, Albery, IP and Frings, D (2017). The Effect of E-Cigarette Advertisements and Anti-Smoking Messages on Explicit and Implicit Attitudes towards Tobacco and E-Cigarette Smoking in 18-65 Year Olds: A Randomised Controlled Study Protocol. BMJ Open. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014361
Investigating the attitudes of nurses who are obese
Wills, JD and Kelly, M (2017). Investigating the attitudes of nurses who are obese. Nursing Standard. 31 (46), pp. 42-48. https://doi.org/10.7748/ns.2017.e10645
The iNEAR programme: an existential positive psychology intervention for resilience and emotional wellbeing
Tunariu, A, Tribe, R, Frings, D and Albery, IP (2017). The iNEAR programme: an existential positive psychology intervention for resilience and emotional wellbeing. International Review of Psychiatry. 29 (4), pp. 362-372. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540261.2017.1343531
Do nurses' personal health behaviours impact on their health promotion practice: a systematic review
Kelly, M, Wills, JD and Sykes, SM (2017). Do nurses' personal health behaviours impact on their health promotion practice: a systematic review. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 76, pp. 62-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.08.008
Environmental context influences visual attention to responsible drinking messages
Frings, D, Moss, AC, Albery, IP, Eskisan, G, Wilcockson, TDW and Marchant, A (2017). Environmental context influences visual attention to responsible drinking messages. Alcohol and Alcoholism. https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agx076
Enhancing care transitions for older people through interprofessional simulation: a mixed method evaluation
Sykes, SM, Baillie, LJ, Thomas, B, Scotter, J and Martin, F (2017). Enhancing care transitions for older people through interprofessional simulation: a mixed method evaluation. International Journal of Integrated Care. 17 (6), pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.5334/ijic.3055
Obesity prevalence among healthcare professionals in England: a cross-sectional study using the health survey for England
Kyle, RG, Wills, JD, Mahoney, C, Hoyle, L, Kelly, M and Atherton, IM (2017). Obesity prevalence among healthcare professionals in England: a cross-sectional study using the health survey for England. BMJ Open. 7 (12). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018498
Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of Allen Carr’s Easyway programme versus Lambeth and Southwark NHS service for smoking cessation.
Wood, KV, Albery, IP, Moss, AC, White, S and Frings, D (2017). Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of Allen Carr’s Easyway programme versus Lambeth and Southwark NHS service for smoking cessation. BMJ Open. 7 (12), p. e016867. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016867
Healthy universities: an example of a whole-system health-promoting setting
Newton, J, Dooris, M and Wills, JD (2016). Healthy universities: an example of a whole-system health-promoting setting. Global Health Promotion. 23 (Supp 1), pp. 57 - 65. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757975915601037
Using community development to build critical health literacy
Sykes, SM, Wills, JD and Crichton, N (2016). Using community development to build critical health literacy. 4th Health Literacy Conference - Health Literacy. Glasgow 18 Mar 2016
Implicit and explicit drinker identities interactively predict in-the-moment alcohol placebo consumption
Frings, D, Melichar, L and Albery, IP (2016). Implicit and explicit drinker identities interactively predict in-the-moment alcohol placebo consumption. Addictive Behaviors Reports. 3, pp. 86-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2016.04.002
Good to Go: Enhancing care transfers from hospital to home for older people with complex needs.
Thomas, B, Baillie, LJ, Martin, F, Sykes, SM and Scotter, J (2016). Good to Go: Enhancing care transfers from hospital to home for older people with complex needs. 16th International Conference on Integrated Care. Barcelona, Spain 23 - 25 May 2016
Enhancing care transfers from hospital to home for older people with complex needs
Baillie, LJ, Thomas, B, Martin, F, Sykes, SM and Scotter, J (2016). Enhancing care transfers from hospital to home for older people with complex needs. 16th International Conference on Integrated Care. Barcelona, Spain 23 - 25 May 2016 London South Bank University.
Troubled, Troubling or in Trouble: The Stories of ‘Troubled Families’
Wills, JD, Whittaker, AJ, Rickard, W and Felix, C (2016). Troubled, Troubling or in Trouble: The Stories of ‘Troubled Families’. British Journal of Social Work. 47 (4), pp. 989-1006. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcw061
A test of the Social Identity Model of Cessation Maintenance: The content and role of social control
Frings, D, Collins, M, Long, G, Pinto, IR and Albery, IP (2016). A test of the Social Identity Model of Cessation Maintenance: The content and role of social control. Addictive Behaviors Reports. 3, pp. 77-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2016.02.003
Are parents identifying positive aspects to parenting their child with an intellectual disability or are they just coping? A qualitative exploration
Beighton, C and Wills, JD (2016). Are parents identifying positive aspects to parenting their child with an intellectual disability or are they just coping? A qualitative exploration. Journal of Intellectual Disabilities. https://doi.org/10.1177/1744629516656073
How is rising obesity tackled in China and Europe?
Wills, JD and Liu, T (2016). How is rising obesity tackled in China and Europe? European Journal of Oriental Medicine. 8 (3).
Modeling the contribution of personality, social identity and social norms to problematic Facebook use in adolescents.
Marino, C, Vieno, A, Pastore, M, Albery, IP, Frings, D and Spada, MM (2016). Modeling the contribution of personality, social identity and social norms to problematic Facebook use in adolescents. Addictive Behaviors. 63 (Dec), pp. 51 - 56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.07.001
Examining the relationship between selective attentional bias for food- and body-related stimuli and purging behaviour in bulimia nervosa
Albery, IP, Wilcockson, TDW, Frings, D, Moss, AC, Caselli, G and Spada, MM (2016). Examining the relationship between selective attentional bias for food- and body-related stimuli and purging behaviour in bulimia nervosa. Appetite. 107 (Dec), pp. 208 - 212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.08.006
Exploring the Relationship between Sexual Compulsivity and Attentional Bias to Sex-Related Words in a Cohort of Sexually Active Individuals.
Albery, IP, Lowry, J, Frings, D, Johnson, HL, Hogan, C and Moss, AC (2016). Exploring the Relationship between Sexual Compulsivity and Attentional Bias to Sex-Related Words in a Cohort of Sexually Active Individuals. European Addiction Research. 23 (1), pp. 1 - 6. https://doi.org/10.1159/000448732
What works to encourage student nurses to adopt healthier lifestyles? Findings from an intervention study.
Wills, JD and Kelly, M (2016). What works to encourage student nurses to adopt healthier lifestyles? Findings from an intervention study. Nurse Education Today. 48, pp. 180-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2016.10.011
Impact of alcohol promoting and alcohol warning advertisements on alcohol consumption, affect, and implicit cognition in heavy drinking young adults: a laboratory-based randomized controlled trial
Stautz, K, Albery, IP, Frings, D, Moss, AC and Marteau, T (2016). Impact of alcohol promoting and alcohol warning advertisements on alcohol consumption, affect, and implicit cognition in heavy drinking young adults: a laboratory-based randomized controlled trial. British Journal of Health Psychology. 22 (1), pp. 128-150. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjhp.12221
Dyads experience over confidence in hand-eye coordination skills after placebo alcohol
Frings, D, Albery, IP, Rolph, K, Leczfalvy, A, Smaczny, S and Moss, AC (2016). Dyads experience over confidence in hand-eye coordination skills after placebo alcohol. Journal of Applied Social Psychology. 3 (47), pp. 148-157. https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.12418
Crime Victims’ Demographics Inconsistently Relate to Self-Reported Vulnerability
Aihio, N, Frings, D, Wilcock, R and Burrell, P (2016). Crime Victims’ Demographics Inconsistently Relate to Self-Reported Vulnerability. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law. 24 (3), pp. 379-391. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2016.1247418
Testing a frequency of exposure hypothesis in attentional bias for alcohol-related stimuli amongst social drinkers
Albery, I., Sharma, D., Noyce, S., Frings, D. and Moss, A. (2015). Testing a frequency of exposure hypothesis in attentional bias for alcohol-related stimuli amongst social drinkers. Addictive Behaviors Reports. 1, pp. 68-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2015.05.001
The effects of responsible drinking messages on attentional allocation and drinking behaviour.
Moss, AC, Albery, IP, Dyer, KR, Frings, D, Humphreys, K, Inkelaar, T, Harding, E and Speller, A (2015). The effects of responsible drinking messages on attentional allocation and drinking behaviour. Addictive Behaviors. 44, pp. 94 - 101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.11.035
The role of group membership continuity and multiple memberships on mental well-being amongst post-operative stoma patients
Bule, B and Frings, D (2015). The role of group membership continuity and multiple memberships on mental well-being amongst post-operative stoma patients. Psychooncology. 25 (6), pp. 726 - 728. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.4006