Continuous Hydrothermal Flow Synthesis of Blue-Luminescent, Excitation-Independent Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots as Nanosensors

Journal article


Baragau, I., Power, N., Morgan, D., Heil, T., Lobo, R., Roberts, C., Titirici, M.M., Dunn, S. and Kellici, S. (2020). Continuous Hydrothermal Flow Synthesis of Blue-Luminescent, Excitation-Independent Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots as Nanosensors. Journal of Materials Chemistry A. (8), pp. 3270-3279. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9TA11781D
AuthorsBaragau, I., Power, N., Morgan, D., Heil, T., Lobo, R., Roberts, C., Titirici, M.M., Dunn, S. and Kellici, S.
Abstract

Blue-luminescent N-doped carbon quantum dots (NCQDs) exhibiting rarely observed excitation independent optical properties are synthesised from citric acid in the presence of ammonia via a Continuous Hydrothermal Flow Synthesis (CHFS) approach. CHFS is an eco-friendly, rapid synthetic approach (within fractions of a second) facilitating ease of scale-up industrialization as well as offering materials with superior properties. The synthesised CQDs readily disperse in aqueous solution, have an average particle size of 3.3 ± 0.7 nm, with highest emission intensity at 441 nm (and a narrow full width at half maximum, FWHM ~78 nm) under a 360 nm excitation wavelength. Carbon quantum dots, without any further modification, exhibited a high selectivity and sensitivity as a nano-sensor for the highly toxic and carcinogenic chromium(VI) ions. The nano-chemo-sensor delivers significant advantages including simplicity of manufacturing via a continuous, cleaner technology (using targeted biomass precursor), high selectivity, sensitivity and fast response leading to potential applications in environmental industry as well photovoltaics, bio-tagging, bio-sensing and beyond.

Keywordscarbon quantum dots; continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis; chromium (VI) sensing
Year2020
JournalJournal of Materials Chemistry A
Journal citation(8), pp. 3270-3279
PublisherRoyal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
ISSN2050-7488
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1039/C9TA11781D
Publication dates
Online10 Jan 2020
Publication process dates
Accepted10 Jan 2020
Deposited14 Jan 2020
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Morris, MR, Pendlebury, SR, Hong, J, Dunn, S and Durrant, JR (2016). Effect of internal electric fields on charge carrier dynamics in a ferroelectric material for solar energy conversion. Advanced Materials. 28 (33), pp. 7123-7128. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201601238
Tuning the electrocaloric enhancement near the morphotropic phase boundary in lead-free ceramics
Le Goupil, F, McKinnon, R, Koval, V, Viola, G, Dunn, S, Berenov, A, Yan, H and Alford, N (2016). Tuning the electrocaloric enhancement near the morphotropic phase boundary in lead-free ceramics. Scientific Reports. 6, p. 28251. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep28251
Calixarene Assisted Rapid Synthesis of Silver-Graphene Nanocomposites with Enhanced Antibacterial Activity
Kellici, S, Acord, J, Vaughn, A, Power, N, Morgan, D, Heil, T, Facq, S and Lampronti, G (2016). Calixarene Assisted Rapid Synthesis of Silver-Graphene Nanocomposites with Enhanced Antibacterial Activity. ACS applied materials & interfaces. 8 (29), pp. 19038-19046. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b06052
Structural, Optical and Magnetic Properties of Cu-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles by Co-Precipitation Method
Fabbiyola, S, Kennedy, L J, JudithVijaya, J, Bououdina, M and Dunn, S (2016). Structural, Optical and Magnetic Properties of Cu-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles by Co-Precipitation Method. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 16 (9), pp. 9722-9730. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2016.12094
Imaging the continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis of nanoparticulate CeO2 at different supercritical water temperatures using in situ angle-dispersive diffraction
Middelkoop, V, Tighe, CJ, Kellici, S, Gruar, RI, Perkins, JM, Jacques, SDM, Barnes, P and Darr, JA (2014). Imaging the continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis of nanoparticulate CeO2 at different supercritical water temperatures using in situ angle-dispersive diffraction. Journal of Supercritical Fluids. 87, pp. 118 - 128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2013.12.022
Optical and photocatalytic behaviours of nanoparticles in the Ti-Zn-O binary system
Goodall, JBM, Kellici, S, Illsley, D, Lines, R, Knowles, JC and Darr, JA (2014). Optical and photocatalytic behaviours of nanoparticles in the Ti-Zn-O binary system. RSC Advances. 4 (60), pp. 31799 - 31809. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ra48030e
Acoustic enhancement of polymer/ZnO nanorod photovoltaic device performance
Shoaee, S, Briscoe, J, Durrant, JR and Dunn, S (2013). Acoustic enhancement of polymer/ZnO nanorod photovoltaic device performance. Advanced Materials. 26 (2), pp. 263-268. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201303304