Think Category Not Brand to Break through at the Bottom-of-the-Pyramid (BOP)

Conference paper


Bennett, D, Nagy, M and Graham, C (2019). Think Category Not Brand to Break through at the Bottom-of-the-Pyramid (BOP). Academy of Marketing UK. London 02 - 04 Jul 2019
AuthorsBennett, D, Nagy, M and Graham, C
TypeConference paper
Abstract

As established markets mature, international marketers are turning their attention to the underserved BOP markets, defined as consumers earning less than $2/day. While there is much estimated market demand at the BOP, it is capped by low category penetration rates due to low consumer knowledge levels, weak infrastructure, an informal distribution system, etc. Approaches to market development are therefore necessary to drive category growth and tap onto BOP market potential. This study investigates how market players drive category growth and develop consumer markets in emerging economies to realise growth. Twelve executives of FMCG market leading brands in Egypt’s BOP markets were identified and invited to semi-structured interviews to discuss their approaches to BOP category growth. A model is presented proposing that marketing strategies should go beyond brand-building activities and should 1) trigger consumer interest by offering substitutes to locally-made solutions dominating BOP markets, 2) drive demand by re-setting value standards in favour of effectiveness and long-term saving, 3) raise category awareness in collaboration with the state and civil society, and 4) establish reach by investing in infrastructure and distribution channel members. Findings suggest that market development strategies at the BOP draw non-users into growing categories, leading to category and brand growth.

KeywordsBottom of the pyramid; marketing strategy; consumer behaviour
Year2019
Accepted author manuscript
License
File Access Level
Open
Publication dates
Print02 Jul 2019
Publication process dates
Deposited01 May 2019
Accepted12 Apr 2019
Permalink -

https://openresearch.lsbu.ac.uk/item/865zy

Download files


Accepted author manuscript
AcademyFinalEditSymplectic.docx
License: CC BY 4.0
File access level: Open

  • 379
    total views
  • 181
    total downloads
  • 2
    views this month
  • 4
    downloads this month

Export as

Related outputs

The Double Jeopardy in high street footfall
Graham, C., O'Rourke, G and Khan, K. (2023). The Double Jeopardy in high street footfall. Journal of Place Management and Development. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPMD-10-2022-0100
Measures of Revolution on the Local High Street
Khan, K., Graham, C. and O'Rourke, G. (2023). Measures of Revolution on the Local High Street. Academy of Marketing Conference 2023. University of Birmingham 04 - 06 Jul 2023 AoM.
Identifying the True Revolution in Loyalty Programmes Thinking: B2B Channel Marketing Adoption and Digital Opportunities
Marjan, A., Graham, C. and Tajvidi, R. (2023). Identifying the True Revolution in Loyalty Programmes Thinking: B2B Channel Marketing Adoption and Digital Opportunities. Academy of Marketing Conference 2023. University of Birmingham 04 - 06 Jul 2023 AoM.
How do entrepreneurs perform digital marketing across the customer journey? A review and discussion of the main uses
Bennett, D., Saura, JR and Barbosa, B (2022). How do entrepreneurs perform digital marketing across the customer journey? A review and discussion of the main uses. The Journal of Technology Transfer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-022-09978-2
Digital integration in physical retailing. How shoppers augment their own instore experience with a smartphone
Khan, K., Graham, C. and O'Rourke, G. (2022). Digital integration in physical retailing. How shoppers augment their own instore experience with a smartphone. International Conference on the Leadership and Management of Projects in the digital age (IC:LAMP 2022).
Applying Flow Theory to Omnichannel Consumer Behaviour: A Systematic Literature Review
Nguyen, L.T.T., Graham, C., Luong, N. and Tran, M.K. (2022). Applying Flow Theory to Omnichannel Consumer Behaviour: A Systematic Literature Review. The 3rd International Conference on Marketing in the Connected Age (MICA). Da Nang City, Vietnam 01 - 01 Oct 2022 The Danang University of Economics.
Achieving channel leadership through B2B digital loyalty programs
Marjan, A., Graham, C. and Tajvidi, R. (2022). Achieving channel leadership through B2B digital loyalty programs. International Conference on the Leadership and Management of Projects in the digital age (IC:LAMP 2022). Applied Science University (ASU) Bahrain.
La majorite a toujours raison
Snijders, W. and Graham, C. La majorite a toujours raison. in: Snijders, W and Balusseau, V. (ed.) Mange ta soupe ! 20 experts internationaux aident les marques à bien grandir Dunod. pp. Chapitre 1
Quantifying the target market for advertisers
Graham, C. and Kennedy, R. (2021). Quantifying the target market for advertisers. Journal of Consumer Behaviour. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.1986
Investigating Undercurrents of Stationarity and Growth With Long-Term Panel Data
Dunn, S., Graham, C., Nenycz-Thiel, M. and Tanusondjaja, A. (2021). Investigating Undercurrents of Stationarity and Growth With Long-Term Panel Data. International Journal of Market Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/14707853211039189
Marketing research faces two challenges and a world of opportunity with long-term panel data
Dunn, S., Graham, C., Nenycz-Thiel, M. and Tanusondjaja, A. (2021). Marketing research faces two challenges and a world of opportunity with long-term panel data. SSRN Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3880203
The unbearable lightness of buying
Dawes, J., Graham, C., Trinh, G. and Sharp, B. (2021). The unbearable lightness of buying. Journal of Marketing Management. 38 (7-8), pp. 683-708. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257x.2021.1963308
Digital Loyalty Programmes: Pull Strategies in B2B Channel Marketing
Marjan, A., Graham, C., Bruce, M. and Mitchell, A. (2021). Digital Loyalty Programmes: Pull Strategies in B2B Channel Marketing. Advances in Marketing, Customer Relationship Management, and E-Services. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8003-5.ch004
The Generation Z Audience for In-App Advertising
Graham, C., Young, F. and Marjan, A. (2021). The Generation Z Audience for In-App Advertising. Journal of Indian Business Research. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIBR-08-2020-0275
How persistent are duplication of purchase partitions
Anesbury, Z., Bennett, D. and Kennedy, R. (2021). How persistent are duplication of purchase partitions. Journal of Consumer Behaviour: an international research review. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.1985
Teaching Marketing Science
Bennett, D. (2021). Teaching Marketing Science. in: Brennan, R. and Vos, L. (ed.) Elgar Guides to Teaching: Teaching Marketing UK Elgar.
A rising tide lifts all boats: the role of share and category changes in managing organic sales growth
Tanusondjaja, A., Graham, C., Dunn, S., Nenycz-Thiel, M. and McColl, Bruce (2021). A rising tide lifts all boats: the role of share and category changes in managing organic sales growth. Journal of Strategic Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254x.2020.1817971
Do bookmaker loyalty-programmes cause problem gambling?
Marjan, A., Graham, C., Bruce, M. and Mitchell, A. (2020). Do bookmaker loyalty-programmes cause problem gambling? London London South Bank University. https://doi.org/10.18744/lsbu.8q66q
The Long-Term Erosion of Repeat-Purchase Loyalty
Dawes, J, Graham, C and Trinh, G (2020). The Long-Term Erosion of Repeat-Purchase Loyalty. European Journal of Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-01-2018-0042
Dark Social: The biggest missed opportunity in digital marketing
Marjan, A., Graham, C., Bruce, M. and Mitchell, A. (2020). Dark Social: The biggest missed opportunity in digital marketing. Journal of Digital and Social Media Marketing. 8 (3), pp. 1-6.
Who set the ball rolling? The first prescribers of OxyContin
Wright, M., Stern, P. and Graham, C. (2020). Who set the ball rolling? The first prescribers of OxyContin. European Marketing Academy Conference (EMAC) 2020 . Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary 26 - 29 May 2020
Is Category Expansion a Realistic Long-Term Objective for Established Brands?
Dunn, S, Graham, C, Tanusondjaja, A and Nenycz-Thiel, M (2020). Is Category Expansion a Realistic Long-Term Objective for Established Brands? 2020 Academy of Marketing Science World Marketing Congress Brisbane, Australia. Brisbane Australia 14 - 17 Jul 2020
The Hazard of Oxycontin
Wright, M, Stern, P and Graham, C. (2019). The Hazard of Oxycontin. Australian & New Zealand Marketing Academy (ANZMAC 2019). Wellington, New Zealand 02 - 05 Dec 2019
Marketing's 60/20 Pareto Law
Sharp, B., Romaniuk, J. and Graham, C. (2019). Marketing's 60/20 Pareto Law. SSRN Elsevier . https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3498097
How to extract meaningful Insights from UGC: A Knowledge-Based Method applied to Education
Bennett, D., Saura, J.R. and Reyes, A. (2019). How to extract meaningful Insights from UGC: A Knowledge-Based Method applied to Education. Applied Sciences. 9 (21), p. 4603. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9214603
What can we learn from ancient sales ledgers?
Bennett, D. and Rabiei, A. (2019). What can we learn from ancient sales ledgers? Australian & New Zealand Marketing Academy (ANZMAC 2019). Wellington, New Zealand 02 - 05 Dec 2019
Does Advertising campaign success in year 1 continue in year 2?
Bennett, D. and Berner, H. (2019). Does Advertising campaign success in year 1 continue in year 2? Australian & New Zealand Marketing Academy (ANZMAC 2019). Wellington, New Zealand 02 - 05 Dec 2019
Why include the BOP in your international marketing strategy
Nagy, M., Bennett, D. and Graham, C. (2019). Why include the BOP in your international marketing strategy. International Marketing Review. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-03-2019-0097
A Three-Stage method for Data Text Mining: Using UGC in BusinessIntelligence Analysis
Bennett, D and Saura Lacárcel, JR (2019). A Three-Stage method for Data Text Mining: Using UGC in BusinessIntelligence Analysis. Symmetry. 11 (4), p. 519. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11040519
A Framework for Market Growth in Bottom-of-the-Pyramid (BOP) Markets
Nagy, M, Bennett, D and Graham, C (2019). A Framework for Market Growth in Bottom-of-the-Pyramid (BOP) Markets. EMAC 48th Annual Conference. Hamburg, Germany 28 - 31 May 2019
Premiumisation strategy as a way to grow
Graham, C, Nenycz-Thiel, M, Dawes, J and McColl, B (2019). Premiumisation strategy as a way to grow. Admap Magazine.
Majority Report
Graham, C and Snijders, W (2018). Majority Report. in: Snijders, W (ed.) Eat Your Greens Kibworth Beauchamp Troubador Publishing Ltd.
Work and Study Habits in the Interconnected Age: What It Means for Businesses of the Future
Bennett, DR, Pérez-Bustamante Yábar, D and Mercado-Idoeta, C (2015). Work and Study Habits in the Interconnected Age: What It Means for Businesses of the Future. in: Peris Ortiz, M (ed.) Education Tools for Entrepreneurship Springer. pp. 135-151
Social responsibility and ethics
Peleg, A and Graham, C (2017). Social responsibility and ethics. in: Sharp, B (ed.) Marketing: Theory, Evidence, Practice Melbourne, Australia Oxford University Press (OUP). pp. 640-692
Pricing and Discounting
Bennett, DR, Scriven, J and Dunn, S (2017). Pricing and Discounting. in: Sharp, B (ed.) Marketing, Theory, Evidence, Practice Australia Oxford University Press (OUP). pp. 300-330
The Effects of Brand Portfolio Management on Brand Choice Behaviour
Henfrey, C, Graham, C and Bennett, DR (2018). The Effects of Brand Portfolio Management on Brand Choice Behaviour. Academy of Marketing Conference 2018. Stirling, Scotland, UK 02 - 05 Jul 2018 Academy of Marketing.
Predicting Category Growth from Quarterly Penetration
Nenycz-Thiel, M, McColl, B, Dawes, J, Trinh, G and Graham, C (2018). Predicting Category Growth from Quarterly Penetration. Australian & New Zealand Marketing Academy (ANZMAC 2018). Adelaide, Australia 03 - 05 Dec 2018
How markets grow. The factors associated with category expansion.
Nenycz-Thiel, M, Graham, C, Dawes, J, McColl, B, Tanusondjaja, A, Martin, J and Victory, K (2018). How markets grow. The factors associated with category expansion. Australian & New Zealand Marketing Academy (ANZMAC 2018). Adelaide, Australia 03 - 05 Dec 2018
Loyalty Deviations and the Small Brand Syndrome.
Franke, K, Bennett, DR and Graham, C (2018). Loyalty Deviations and the Small Brand Syndrome. Australian & New Zealand Marketing Academy (ANZMAC 2018). Adelaide, Australia 03 - 05 Dec 2018
The effect of cumulative category and brand growth on competitive intensity.
Anesbury, Z, Graham, C and Bennett, DR (2018). The effect of cumulative category and brand growth on competitive intensity. Australian & New Zealand Marketing Academy (ANZMAC 2018). Adelaide, Australia 03 - 05 Dec 2018
University Incubators May Be Socially Valuable, but How Effective Are They? A Case Study on Business Incubators at Universities
Bennett, DR, Pérez-Bustamante Yábar, D and Saura, J-R (2017). University Incubators May Be Socially Valuable, but How Effective Are They? A Case Study on Business Incubators at Universities. in: Peris-Ortiz, M, Gomez, J, Merigo-Lindahl, J and Rueda-Armengot, C (ed.) Entrepreneurial Universities Exploring the Academic and Innovative Dimensions of Entrepreneurship in Higher Education Cham, Switzerland Springer. pp. 83-104
Brand Loyalty. Plus ça change...? Using the NBD-Dirichlet parameters to interpret long-term purchase incidence and brand choice.
Graham, C, Scriven, J and Bennett, DR (2012). Brand Loyalty. Plus ça change...? Using the NBD-Dirichlet parameters to interpret long-term purchase incidence and brand choice. International Marketing Trends Conference. Venice, Italy 19 - 21 Jan 2012 London South Bank University.
What long term measures can tell us about brand loyalty
Bennett, DR, Graham, C and Clemente, M (2017). What long term measures can tell us about brand loyalty. Academy of Marketing UK Conference. Hull 03 - 06 Jul 2017
Footfall, attraction and conversion; a retail empirical generalisation
Graham, C (2017). Footfall, attraction and conversion; a retail empirical generalisation. Academy of Marketing. University of Hull 03 - 06 Jul 2017
Loyalty Deficits for Small Share Brands
Franke, K, Bennett, DR and Graham, C (2017). Loyalty Deficits for Small Share Brands. Academy of Marketing UK Conference. Hull 03 - 06 Jul 2017 London South Bank University.
Stochastic Modelling of Capital Goods Buying
Bennett, DR and Aston, H (2017). Stochastic Modelling of Capital Goods Buying. LSBU Researcher Poster Competition. London South Bank University 06 - 07 Jul 2017 London South Bank University.
Estimating the value of passing trade from pedestrian density
Graham, C, Khan, K. and Ilyas, M (2017). Estimating the value of passing trade from pedestrian density. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services. 46, pp. 103-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2017.10.005
Double Jeopardy - 50 years on. Reviving a forgotten tool that still predicts brand loyalty
Graham, C, Bennett, DR, Franke, K, Henfrey, C and Nagy-Hamada, M (2017). Double Jeopardy - 50 years on. Reviving a forgotten tool that still predicts brand loyalty. Australasian Marketing Journal. 25 (4), pp. 278-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ausmj.2017.10.009
Making Sense of Common Dirichlet Deviations
Graham, C, Scriven, J and Bound, J (2017). Making Sense of Common Dirichlet Deviations. Australasian Marketing Journal. 25 (4), pp. 294-308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ausmj.2017.10.007
The Challenges for Smart Cities in the UK
Bennett, DR, Pérez-Bustamante Yábar, D and Medrano, ML (2016). The Challenges for Smart Cities in the UK. in: Peris-Ortiz, M, Bennett, D and Pérez-Bustamante Yábar, D (ed.) Sustainable Smart Cities: Creating Space for Technological, Social and Business Development Switzerland Springer.
Why buy the same brand twice?
Bennett, DR (2008). Why buy the same brand twice? LSBU Summer Research Conference 2008. London South Bank University, London 24 Jun 2008 London South Bank University.
The relationship between high street footfall, attraction and conversion
Graham, C (2016). The relationship between high street footfall, attraction and conversion. Business in a Dynamic World conference. Limassol, Cyprus 15 - 17 Jan 2016
Do High Street Fashion Brands All Share the Same Types of Customers?
Bennett, DR, Pérez-Bustamante Yábar, D and Clemente, M (2016). Do High Street Fashion Brands All Share the Same Types of Customers? Business in a Dynamic World conference. Limassol, Cyprus 15 - 17 Jan 2016
An empirical study of industrial consumer buying behaviour: how airlines buy airplanes
Bennett, DR (2016). An empirical study of industrial consumer buying behaviour: how airlines buy airplanes. 45th Annual Conference of the European Marketing Academy (EMAC 2016). Oslo, Norway 24 - 27 May 2016
Market(ing) the small. How does marketing work for UK SMEs?
Barber, S, Bennett, DR and Graham, C (2016). Market(ing) the small. How does marketing work for UK SMEs? LSBU Summer School 2016. London 11 - 15 Jul 2016 London South Bank University.
Airplanes are like really big candy bars
Bennett, DR and Aston, H (2016). Airplanes are like really big candy bars. LSBU Research Summer School. London South Bank University, London 14 Jul 2016 London South Bank University.
Is a visual worth more than a thousand words? An investigation into brand engagement and social shopping on visual social media
Bennett, DR and Kunze, C (2016). Is a visual worth more than a thousand words? An investigation into brand engagement and social shopping on visual social media. XXIV AEDEM International Conference. Riseba University, Riga, Latvia 01 - 02 Sep 2016
Will a Smart City Have A High Street?
Graham, C and Peleg, A (2016). Will a Smart City Have A High Street? in: Peres-Ortiz, M, Bennett, D and Perez-Bustamente, D (ed.) Sustainable Smart Cities - Creating Spaces for Technological, Social and Business Development. Springer. pp. 143-157
FIERCE scent boosts mood and emotion to enhance brand assets
Bennett, DR, Graham, C and Basile, E (2015). FIERCE scent boosts mood and emotion to enhance brand assets. LSBU Research Summer School 2015. London South Bank University, London 07 Jul 2015 London South Bank University.
Omni-channel customer experience: An investigation into the use of digital technology in physical stores and its impact on the consumer's decision-making process
Bennett, DR and El Azhari, J (2015). Omni-channel customer experience: An investigation into the use of digital technology in physical stores and its impact on the consumer's decision-making process. XXIV AEDEM International Conference. London (United Kingdom) 01 - 02 Sep 2015 European Academy of Management and Business Economics (AEDEM).
The patterns of long-term repeat-buying in Dirichlet markets
Graham, C. (2012). The patterns of long-term repeat-buying in Dirichlet markets. PhD Thesis London South Bank University Ehrenberg Centre for Research in Marketing
Embedding Employability Skills into the Marketing Curriculum; A Rationale & Description
Graham, C, FitzGerald, F and Peleg, A (2007). Embedding Employability Skills into the Marketing Curriculum; A Rationale & Description. Prime. 2 (2), pp. 25-38.