Alkali-activated concrete mixes with ground granulated blast furnace slag and paper sludge ash in seawater environments

Journal article


Mengasini, L., Mavroulidou, M. and Gunn, M. (2021). Alkali-activated concrete mixes with ground granulated blast furnace slag and paper sludge ash in seawater environments. Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy. 20, p. 100380. https://doi.org/10.​1016/​j.​scp.​2021.​100380
AuthorsMengasini, L., Mavroulidou, M. and Gunn, M.
Abstract

Pre­dicted sea level rise due to global warm­ing will ne­ces­si­tate the con­struc­tion of coastal de­fenses to pro­tect the pop­u­la­tions in the vicin­ity of the coasts. Large quan­ti­ties of con­crete will be re­quired with con­sec­u­tive in­creases in green­house emis­sions, hence an in­creas­ing need for al­ter­na­tive to Or­di­nary Port­land Ce­ment (OPC) ce­ments. Fea­si­ble po­ten­tial al­ter­na­tives could be found in al­kali-ac­ti­vated ce­ments , which also in­clude in­dus­trial by-prod­ucts or waste ma­te­ri­als. This pa­per pre­sents a lab­o­ra­tory study of con­crete mixes based on the al­kali-ac­ti­va­tion of an in­dus­trial by-prod­uct, ground gran­u­lated blast fur­nace slag (GG­BFS) and in­cludes an in­dus­trial waste, pa­per slugde ash (PSA) in the al­kali-ac­ti­va­tor mixes. The use of sea­wa­ter as mix­ing and cur­ing wa­ter was also ex­am­ined. The com­pres­sive strength and a num­ber of dura­bil­ity-re­lated prop­er­ties of al­kali-ac­ti­vated mixes in ma­rine en­vi­ron­ment were in­ves­ti­gated and com­pared to OPC sys­tems. The in­cor­po­ra­tion of pa­per sludge ash led to high early strengths, a de­crease in the ef­fec­tive poros­ity of al­kali-ac­ti­vated slag con­cretes and gen­er­ally a re­duced wa­ter ab­sorp­tion, and en­hanced the per­for­mance against chlo­ride ion at­tack in mixes with fresh­wa­ter, as well as the re­sis­tance of the ce­ments in sul­phate at­tack es­pe­cially when mixed with sea­wa­ter. The ad­di­tion of sea­wa­ter in the mixes in­creased the re­sis­tance to sul­phate at­tack and the com­pres­sive strength in al­kali-ac­ti­vated sys­tems, as op­posed to OPC con­cretes in which mix­ing and cur­ing in sea­wa­ter had dele­te­ri­ous ef­fects. The study gives promise for the suit­abil­ity of the tested al­kali-ac­ti­vated con­crete mixes in sea­wa­ter en­vi­ron­ments.

KeywordsAl­kali-ac­ti­vated ce­ment con­crete; Sea­wa­ter en­vi­ron­ment; Dura­bil­ity; Al­kali-ac­ti­vated ce­ment con­creteSea­wa­terGround gran­u­lated blast fur­nace slag; Green con­struc­tion ma­te­ri­als; Solid waste man­age­ment
Year2021
JournalSustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy
Journal citation20, p. 100380
PublisherElsevier
ISSN2352-5541
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.​1016/​j.​scp.​2021.​100380
Publication dates
Online07 Feb 2021
Print01 May 2021
Publication process dates
Accepted19 Jan 2021
Deposited08 Feb 2021
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