Liquid biofuels from food crops in transportation – A balance sheet of outcomes
Journal article
Barr, M. R., Volpe, R. and Kandiyoti, R. (2021). Liquid biofuels from food crops in transportation – A balance sheet of outcomes. Chemical Engineering Science: X. 10, p. 100090. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cesx.2021.100090
Authors | Barr, M. R., Volpe, R. and Kandiyoti, R. |
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Abstract | The production and utilization of biofuels from food crops have been reviewed. Developments in Brazil, the United States, the European Union and China have been assessed in relation to the aims of biofuels policies, their costs and outcomes. The energy input for making biofuels has been compared with energy released during their combustion. The effect of using crops for fuel on the cost of grain for food and of arable land have been examined. There is evidence that current international policies have caused environmental degradation greater than the fossil fuels they were purported to replace. However, policy choices are difficult to reverse. Despite vast effort and expense, the actual scale of biofuels production is small compared to the resources that have been mobilized. As these processes have evolved, new groups of commercial interests have coalesced internationally, to take advantage of the subsidies with little recognizable benefit to the environment. |
Keywords | Biofuels; Food crops; Policies; Environment |
Year | 2021 |
Journal | Chemical Engineering Science: X |
Journal citation | 10, p. 100090 |
Publisher | Elsevier |
ISSN | 2590-1400 |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cesx.2021.100090 |
Web address (URL) | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590140021000034 |
Publication dates | |
May 2021 | |
Online | 16 Feb 2021 |
Publication process dates | |
Accepted | 25 Jan 2021 |
Deposited | 17 Aug 2023 |
Publisher's version | License File Access Level Open |
Accepted author manuscript | License File Access Level Controlled |
https://openresearch.lsbu.ac.uk/item/94v67
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Publisher's version
Liquid biofuels from food crops in transportation – A balance sheet of outcomes.pdf | ||
License: CC BY 4.0 | ||
File access level: Open |
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