Laser Sealing for Vacuum Plate Glass with PbO-TiO2-SiO2-RxOy Solder

Journal article

Miao, H., Zhang, L., Liu, S., Zhang, S., Memon, S. and Zhu, B. (2020). Laser Sealing for Vacuum Plate Glass with PbO-TiO2-SiO2-RxOy Solder. Sustainability. 12 (8), pp. 3118-3118. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12083118
AuthorsMiao, H., Zhang, L., Liu, S., Zhang, S., Memon, S. and Zhu, B.
Abstract

Laser sealing for vacuum plate glass is a key step in developing the cost-effective smart vacuum-glass window for the drive towards net-zero energy buildings. In this paper, the pores, cracks, and interface with laser welding are analyzed in depth using PbO-TiO2-SiO2-RxOy system sealing solder to prepare vacuum flat glass. The microstructure of the sealing layer was analyzed by a BX41M-LED metallographic microscope, and the interfacial bonding characteristics were observed by thermal field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The solder was analyzed by an energy spectrometer, and the influence of laser power, sealing temperature, and sealing speed on the gas holes and the crack sand interface separation of the sealing layer are reported. The results show that when the laser power reached 80 W at the welding speed of 2mm/s, the bulk solder disappeared to most of the quantity and the sealing surface density was higher, due to which negligible pores and micro cracks were found. Thus, the sealing quality of the sealing layer is considered to be suitable when the temperature of 470 ℃ was maintained and the solder has 68.93% of Pb and 3.04% Si in the atom fraction to achieve the wet the glass substrate surface whilst improving the bonding quality.

Year2020
JournalSustainability
Journal citation12 (8), pp. 3118-3118
PublisherMDPI
ISSN2071-1050
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3390/su12083118
Publication dates
Online13 Apr 2020
Publication process dates
Accepted09 Apr 2020
Deposited20 Apr 2020
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Open
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Memon, S, Farukh, F and Kandan, K (2018). Effect of Cavity Vacuum Pressure Diminution on Thermal Performance of Triple Vacuum Glazing. Applied Sciences. 8 (9), pp. 1705-1719. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8091705
Experimental and Analytical Simulation Analyses on the Electrical Performance of Thermoelectric Generator Modules for Direct and Concentrated Quartz-Halogen Heat Harvesting
Memon, S and Noman Tahir, K (2018). Experimental and Analytical Simulation Analyses on the Electrical Performance of Thermoelectric Generator Modules for Direct and Concentrated Quartz-Halogen Heat Harvesting. Energies. 11 (12), pp. 3315-3315. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11123315
The influence of low-temperature surface induction on evacuation, pump-out hole sealing and thermal performance of composite edge-sealed vacuum insulated glazing
Memon, Saim, Fang, Yueping and Eames, Philip C (2018). The influence of low-temperature surface induction on evacuation, pump-out hole sealing and thermal performance of composite edge-sealed vacuum insulated glazing. Renewable Energy. 135, pp. 450-464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018.12.025
Design and fabrication of vacuum glazing units using a new low temperature hermetic glass edge sealing method
Memon, S and Eames, PC (2013). Design and fabrication of vacuum glazing units using a new low temperature hermetic glass edge sealing method. Vacuum Symposium 4 & Vacuum Expo. Coventry 16 - 17 Oct 2013 London South Bank University.
Design & Development of Triple Vacuum glazing: An Investigation on Cost Effective Hermetic Sealing Materials & Predictions of Heat Load in a Solid Wall Dwelling
Memon, S (2012). Design & Development of Triple Vacuum glazing: An Investigation on Cost Effective Hermetic Sealing Materials & Predictions of Heat Load in a Solid Wall Dwelling. 1st International Conference on Research and Education of Energy Efficiency in Buildings. Loughborough UK Jul 2012 London South Bank University.
Scope of Concentrated Solar Power Technology in Pakistan
Memon, S (2007). Scope of Concentrated Solar Power Technology in Pakistan. 1st National Conference on Assessment & Proper Utilization of Indigenous Energy Resources and Their Impact on Environment. Sindh, Pakistan London South Bank University.
Heat load and solar gain prediction for solid wall dwellings retrofitted with triple vacuum glazing for selected window to wall area ratios
Memon, S and Eames, PC (2012). Heat load and solar gain prediction for solid wall dwellings retrofitted with triple vacuum glazing for selected window to wall area ratios. World Renewable Energy Forum. Denver, Colorado 13 - 17 May 2012 ASES.
Advancement in the Vacuum Glass Sealing Materials and Heat Load Predictions of Triple Vacuum Glazing
Memon, S and Eames, PC (2012). Advancement in the Vacuum Glass Sealing Materials and Heat Load Predictions of Triple Vacuum Glazing. 3rd Vacuum Symposium 2012. Coventry 17 - 18 Oct 2012 London, UK Institute of Physics.
An investigation on edge sealing materials for the fabrication of vacuum glazing
Memon, S and Eames, PC (2013). An investigation on edge sealing materials for the fabrication of vacuum glazing. 3rd School of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering (EESE) Research conference. Loughborough, UK 22 Mar 2013 Loughborough University. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.5106.6720
Application of vacuum technology: Vacuum insulated glazing- improving the energy efficiency of buildings
Memon, S (2014). Application of vacuum technology: Vacuum insulated glazing- improving the energy efficiency of buildings. VACUUM Group newsletter. 14 (1), pp. 18-19.
Analysing the potential of retrofitting ultra-low heat loss triple vacuum glazed windows to an existing UK solid wall dwelling
Memon, S (2014). Analysing the potential of retrofitting ultra-low heat loss triple vacuum glazed windows to an existing UK solid wall dwelling. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development (IJRED). 3 (3), pp. 161 - 174. https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.3.3.161-174
Investigating energy saving performance interdependencies with retrofit triple vacuum glazing for use in UK dwelling with solid walls, Sustainable Development on Building and Environment
Memon, S (2015). Investigating energy saving performance interdependencies with retrofit triple vacuum glazing for use in UK dwelling with solid walls, Sustainable Development on Building and Environment. Sustainable Development on Building and Environment: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference,. Reading, UK 28 Jul 2015 London South Bank University.
Solar Energy Gain and Space-Heating Energy Supply Analyses for Solid-Wall Dwelling Retrofitted with the Experimentally Achievable U-value of Novel Triple Vacuum Glazing
Memon, S and Eames, PC (2017). Solar Energy Gain and Space-Heating Energy Supply Analyses for Solid-Wall Dwelling Retrofitted with the Experimentally Achievable U-value of Novel Triple Vacuum Glazing. Journal of Daylighting. 4 (1), pp. 15-25. https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2017.2
Experimental measurement of hermetic edge seal's thermal conductivity for the thermal transmittance prediction of triple vacuum glazing
Memon, S (2017). Experimental measurement of hermetic edge seal's thermal conductivity for the thermal transmittance prediction of triple vacuum glazing. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering. 10, pp. 169-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2017.06.002
Predicting the Solar Energy and Space-heating Energy Performance for Solid-wall Detached House Retrofitted with the Composite Edge-sealed Triple Vacuum Glazing
Memon, S and Eames, PC (2017). Predicting the Solar Energy and Space-heating Energy Performance for Solid-wall Detached House Retrofitted with the Composite Edge-sealed Triple Vacuum Glazing. Energy Procedia. 122 (122), pp. 565-570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.07.419
Predicting the Solar Energy and Space-heating Energy Performance for Solid-wall Detached House Retrofitted with the Composite Edge-sealed Triple Vacuum Glazing
Memon, S (2017). Predicting the Solar Energy and Space-heating Energy Performance for Solid-wall Detached House Retrofitted with the Composite Edge-sealed Triple Vacuum Glazing. CISBAT 2017 International Conference – Future Buildings & Districts – Energy Efficiency from Nano to Urban Scale. Lausanne, Switzerland 06 - 08 Sep 2017
Integration and management of solar energy for electric vehicle charging station
Khan, A, Memon, S and Sattar, TP (2017). Integration and management of solar energy for electric vehicle charging station. Solar World Congress 2017 - Innovation for the 100% renewable energy transformation. Abu Dhabi, UAE 29 Oct - 02 Nov 2017
Design, Development and Thermal Performance Analysis of Ultra-Low Heat Loss Triple Vacuum Glazing
Memon, S (2017). Design, Development and Thermal Performance Analysis of Ultra-Low Heat Loss Triple Vacuum Glazing. Solar World Congress 2017 - Innovation for the 100% renewable energy transformation. Abu Dhabi, UAE 02 - 29 Nov 2017
Energy efficient vacuum glazed window: A system design and investigations on hermetic sealing materials
Memon, S and Eames, PC (2013). Energy efficient vacuum glazed window: A system design and investigations on hermetic sealing materials. Research That Matters 2013. Loughborough University 07 Mar 2013 Loughborough University.
Fabrication of Energy Efficient Vacuum Glazing using a Novel Edge Sealing Material
Memon, S and Eames, PC (2013). Fabrication of Energy Efficient Vacuum Glazing using a Novel Edge Sealing Material. 3rd Low Carbon Energy for Development Network Workshop. London The Low Carbon Energy for Development Network (LCEDN) .