Ignition of flammable atmospheres by mechanical stimuli

Journal article

Ingram, JM (2016). Ignition of flammable atmospheres by mechanical stimuli. hazardex: Journal for Hazardous Area Environment.
AuthorsIngram, JM
Abstract

As readers of HazardEx will be well aware, following the introduction of the ATEX 95 and 137 directives, there are now requirements on both manufacturers of equipment and employers to consider the likelihood of
ignition flammable atmospheres from mechanical impacts/sliding. The aim of this article is not to review legislative requirements, as these are well discussed else where, but to provide insight into the ignition mechanism and relevant research literature to assist those needing to make such assessments. It is certainly not the intention to advocate ignition source control as an appropriate hazard management strategy
, particularly with easily ignited gases like hydrogen- this needs to be decided on a case by case basis. Guidance in the design standards i.e. [1] has improved from earlier versions, but still does not convey very well the likely influence of parameters such as material hardness, load, velocities and impact angle.

Year2016
Journalhazardex: Journal for Hazardous Area Environment
PublisherRussell Goater
Web address (URL)https://www.hazardexonthenet.net/article/106102/Ignition-of-flammable-atmospheres-by-mechanical-stimuli-Hazardex-2016.aspx
Publication dates
Print01 Jan 2016
Publication process dates
Deposited22 Aug 2017
Accepted31 Dec 2016
Accepted author manuscript
License
File Access Level
Open
Page range18-23
Permalink -

https://openresearch.lsbu.ac.uk/item/87560

Download files

Accepted author manuscript
HazardexJan2015.pdf
License: CC BY 4.0
File access level: Open

  • 117
    total views
  • 97
    total downloads
  • 3
    views this month
  • 0
    downloads this month

Export as

Related outputs

Ignition of flammable hydrogen/air mixtures by high mass mechanical impact of Magnox contaminated surfaces
Averill, A., Ingram, J., Holborn, P., Battersby, P. and Benson, C. (2020). Ignition of flammable hydrogen/air mixtures by high mass mechanical impact of Magnox contaminated surfaces. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 45 (4), pp. 3372-3380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.11.148
An analysis of civil aviation industry safety needs for the introduction of liquid hydrogen propulsion technology
Benson, CM, Ingram, JM, Battersby, PA, Mba, D, Sethi, V and Rolt, AM (2019). An analysis of civil aviation industry safety needs for the introduction of liquid hydrogen propulsion technology. TURBO EXPO Turbomachinery Technical Conference & Exposition. Phoenix AZ, USA 18 - 20 Jun 2019
Identification of ignition sources in high pressure enriched gaseous oxygen system incidents using flow chart road map diagram methodology
Benson, C. and Ingram, JM (2018). Identification of ignition sources in high pressure enriched gaseous oxygen system incidents using flow chart road map diagram methodology. Process Safety and Environmental Protection. 114, pp. 206-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2017.12.020
Chemochromic Pd-V2O5 Sensors for Passive Hydrogen Detection in Nuclear Containments
O'Hara, R, Holborn, PG, Ingram, JM, Ball, J, Rathbone, P and Edge, R (2018). Chemochromic Pd-V2O5 Sensors for Passive Hydrogen Detection in Nuclear Containments. 2018 WM Symposia, Nuclear and Industrial Robotics, Remote Systems and Other Emerging Technologies. Phoenix, Arizona, USA 18 - 22 Mar 2018
Application of Bayesian methods and networks to ignition hazard event prediction in nuclear waste decommissioning operations
Averill, AF, Ingram, JM, Holborn, PG, Battersby, P and Benson, CM (2018). Application of Bayesian methods and networks to ignition hazard event prediction in nuclear waste decommissioning operations. Process Safety and Environmental Protection. 116, pp. 396-404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2018.03.002
Surface temperature generation during drop weight mechanical impact and the usefulness of dynamic thermocouple measurements for predicting impact ignition of flammable gases
Ingram, JM, Averill, AF, Holborn, PG, Battersby, P and Benson, CM (2018). Surface temperature generation during drop weight mechanical impact and the usefulness of dynamic thermocouple measurements for predicting impact ignition of flammable gases. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries. 55, pp. 10-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2018.05.015
A comparison study into low leak rate buoyant gas dispersion in a small fuel cell enclosure using plain and louvre vent passive ventilation schemes
Ghatauray, TS, Ingram, JM and Holborn, PG (2018). A comparison study into low leak rate buoyant gas dispersion in a small fuel cell enclosure using plain and louvre vent passive ventilation schemes. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 44 (17), pp. 8904-8913. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.08.065
Domestic Refrigerator Design -Safety Issues and Opportunities
Beasley, M, Holborn, PG, Ingram, JM and Maidment, GG (2017). Domestic Refrigerator Design -Safety Issues and Opportunities. The Institute of Refrigeration Event 2nd March 2017. London South Bank University 02 - 02 Mar 2017
Energy losses during drop weight mechanical impacts with special reference to ignition of flammable atmospheres in nuclear decommissioning: theory and determination of experimental coefficients for impact analysis and prediction
Averill, AF, Ingram, JM, Holborn, PG and Battersby, P (2017). Energy losses during drop weight mechanical impacts with special reference to ignition of flammable atmospheres in nuclear decommissioning: theory and determination of experimental coefficients for impact analysis and prediction. International Journal of Impact Engineering. 109, pp. 92-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2017.05.019
Characterising the performance of hydrogen sensitive coatings for nuclear safety applications
O'Hara, R, Ingram, JM, Holborn, PG, Ball, J, Edge, R and Rathbone, P (2017). Characterising the performance of hydrogen sensitive coatings for nuclear safety applications. International Conference on Hydrogen Safety (ICHS 2017). Hamburg, Germany 11 - 13 Sep 2017
A comparison study into low leak rate buoyant gas dispersion in a small fuel cell enclosure using plain and louvre vent passive ventilation schemes.
Ghatauray, T, Ingram, JM and Holborn, PG (2017). A comparison study into low leak rate buoyant gas dispersion in a small fuel cell enclosure using plain and louvre vent passive ventilation schemes. HYSAFE: International Conference On Hydrogen Safety. Hamburg, Germany 11 - 13 Sep 2017 London South Bank University.
An experimental and CFD study into the dispersion of buoyant gas using passive venting in a small fuel cell enclosure
Ghatauray, T, Ingram, JM and Holborn, PG (2016). An experimental and CFD study into the dispersion of buoyant gas using passive venting in a small fuel cell enclosure. IChemE Hazards 26. Edinburgh 24 - 26 May 2016
The development of a model for the prediction of polymer spontaneous ignition temperatures in high pressure enriched oxygen across a range of pressures and concentrations
Benson, CM, Bishop, AM, Ingram, JM, Phillips, R and Nolan, PF (2016). The development of a model for the prediction of polymer spontaneous ignition temperatures in high pressure enriched oxygen across a range of pressures and concentrations. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries. 44 (Nov), pp. 369-379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2016.10.007